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65세 이상의 고령에서 사용한세라믹-세라믹 관절면의 하이브리드형 인공 고관절 전치환술 - 최소 5년 이상 추시 결과 -

Ceramic on Ceramic Hybrid Type Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with morethan 65 years of Age - Minimum 5-year Follow-up Results

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목적: 65세 이상의 고령 환자에서 세라믹-세라믹 관절면을 이용하고 대퇴 스템만을 시멘트로 고정한 하이브리드형(Hybrid Type) 인공 고관절 전치환술의 최소 5년 이상의 추시 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 2월부터 2002년 11월까지 65세 이상의 환자에게 시행한 세라믹-세라믹 관절면을 이용하고 대퇴 스템 을 시멘트로 고정한 하이브리드형 인공 고관절 전치환술을 시행한 47명(47고관절) 중 5년 이상 추시가 가능한 29명(29고관 절)을 대상으로 하였다. 환자의 평균 연령은 68.9세(65􀅭73세)였으며, 추시 관찰 기간은 평균 74.6 개월(61~107 개월)이었으 며 최소 5년 이상 추시하였다. 대퇴 골두 무혈성 괴사가 21예, 퇴행성 고관절염 2예, 류마티스 관절염 1예, 대퇴 경부 골절 4예, 결핵성 고관절염 1예였다. 임상적으로는 Harris Hip Score(HHS)를 측정하고 서혜부 및 대퇴부 동통 유무를 평가하였고, 방사선 학적으로는 비구컵과 대퇴 스템 주변 각각의 골 용해, 응력차폐 효과에 의한 골흡수, 불안정성, 비구 전염각과 경사각, 경부 전 염각 대퇴 스템의 고정 위치를 평가하였다. 결과: Harris 고관절 점수는 수술 전 56.3±1.4점에서 최종 추시시 92.3±1.1 점으로 향상되었고(p=0.013), 우수가 21 예 (72.4%), 양호가 8 예(27.6%) 였으며, 서혜부 및 대퇴부 동통은 없었다. 최종 추시 방사선 소견 상 비구컵과 대퇴 스템 주위 골 용해가 발생한 경우는 한 예도 없었고, 응력 차폐 효과에 의한 골흡수 소견은 비구측 6예(20.7%), 대퇴부 3예(10.3%)에서 보 였고, 안정성의 평가에서 비구컵은 모든 예에서 골성 안정성이였고, 대퇴스템은 1예(3.4%)에서만 가능성 해리를 보였다. 비구 전염각 평균은 18.4􀆆±1.1, 경부 전염각 평균은 13.1􀆆±0.9였고, 비구 경사각은 평균은 41.5􀆆±1.3였고, 대퇴 스템은 모든 예 에서 중립으로 삽입되었다. 합병증으로 고관절 후방 탈구는 1예(3.4%), 대퇴 삽입물 주위 골절이 1예(3.4%)였고 세라믹 관절 의 파손은 없었다. 결론: 65세 이상의 고령에서의 세라믹-세라믹 관절면을 이용한 시멘트 인공 고관절 전치환술의 중기 추시 결과는 임상적, 방사 선학적으로 만족할 만한 결과를 보였다

Abstract

Purpose: This study examined the minimum five-year results of hybrid type total hip arthroplasty (THA) with ceramic-on-ceramic articulation and femoral stem fixation using cement in patients older than 65 years. Materials and Methods: From February 1999 to November 2002, a hybrid type THA with ceramic-on-ceramic articulation and femoral stem fixation using cement were performed in 47 patients (47 hips) older than 65 years of age. Among the 47 patients, 29 patients were followed up for more than 5 years. The mean age of these patients was 68.9 years (65~73years). The mean follow-up period was 74.6 months (61~107 months). The postoperative diagnosis included AVN of the femoral head in 21 hips, Osteoarthritis in 2 hips, rhematoid arhthritis in 1 hip, femoral neck fracture in 4 hips and Tuberculosis in 1 hip. The clinical results were analyzed retrospectively by the Harris hip score (HHS), hip and thigh pain, and radiologically by the level of osteolysis around acetabular cup and femoral stem, bone reabsorption by stress shielding, instability, acetabular and femoral stem anteversion, acetabular inclination and the femoral stem fixation site. Results: After surgery, the overall HHS improved from 56.3 ± 1.4 to 92.3 ± 1.1 points (p=0.013). Excellent and good results were obtained in 21 (72.4%) and 8 hips (27.6%), respectively. There was no case of thigh pain. Radiologically, there was no acetabular and femoral component osteolysis. Absorption by stress shielding was observed in 6 cases (20.7%) with an acetabular cup and 3 cases (10.3%) with a femoral stem. Bony stability was observed in all cases treated with an acetabular cup and possible loosening in 1 case (3.4%) treated with a femoral stem. Acetabular and femoral stem anteversion was 18.4􀆆± 1.1 and 13.1􀆆± 0.9 respectively. Acetabular inclination was 41.5􀆆± 1.3. The femoral stem was inserted centrally in all cases. Complications included posterior dislocation of 1 hip (3.4%) and periprosthetic fracture of the femur in 1 hip (3.4%). There was no fracture of the ceramic component Conclusion: The mid-term results of hybrid type THA with ceramic-on-ceramic articulation and femoral stem fixation using cement were effective both clinically and radiologically in patients older than 65 years.

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