60세 이상의 환자에서 세라믹-세라믹 관절면 무시멘트형 인공 고관절 전치환술
Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty Using a Ceramic on Ceramic Bearing Surfaces in Patients 60 or More Years Old
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목적: 60세 이상 환자에서 무시멘트형 인공 고관절 전치환술의 초기 임상적, 방사선학적 결과 및합병증을 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 5월부터 2007년 2월까지 세라믹-세라믹 관절면 무시멘트형 인공 고관절전치환술을 시행받고 2년 이상 추시 가능하였던 34명 44예를 대상으로 하였다. 평균 연령은66.8세 이었고, 평균 추시기간은 3.2년이었다. 임상적, 방사선학적 결과와 탈구에 영향을 미치는인자를 분석하였다. 결과: Harris 고관절 점수는 술 전 평균 51점에서 최종 추시시 평균 90점으로 증가하였고 대퇴 삽입물과 비구컵은 안정적인 고정을 보였다. 비구컵과 대퇴 삽입물에서 삽입물의 이완, 골용해 등은 관찰되지 않았다. 10예에서 후방 탈구가 발생하였는데, 전례에서 수술 후 3개월 내에 발생하였다. 재발성 탈구 1예와 세라믹 헤드 파손 1예에서 재치환술을 시행하였다. 탈구의 위험인자로는 ASA score, 비구컵 전염각, 비구와 대퇴 삽입물 전염각의 합이 탈구와 관련성이 있었다. 결론: 60세 이상의 환자에서 시행한 세라믹-세라믹 관절면 무시멘트 인공 고관절 전치환술은 우수한 결과를 보였으나 조기 탈구와 세라믹 골두 손상의 위험성이 있으므로, 전신상태가 좋지 않은 노인환자에서는 삽입물의 위치와 수술 후 처치에 주의를 요한다.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate clinical and radiographic results for cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) using ceramicon-ceramic articulation in patients over 60 years old. Materials and Methods: Between May 2000 and February 2007, we analyzed 44 THAs that used ceramic-onceramic articulation in 34 patients aged 60 or older. The mean follow-up duration was 3.2 years; the mean age was 66.8 years. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were carried out. Risk factors for dislocation were evaluated. Results: Final Harris hip scores increased to an average of 90 points from an average of 51 points preoperatively. Radiographic findings demonstrated that fixations around the stems and the acetabular cups were stable. There was no aseptic loosening and osteolysis around the implants. There were 10 cases of posterior dislocation within 3 months postoperatively. Two revisions were done, one due to a recurrent dislocation and one to a ceramic head fracture. Risk factors for dislocation were ASA score, cup anteversion angle and total anteversion angle. Conclusion: Cementless THAs using ceramic-on-ceramic articulation for patients aged sixty or more elicits good clinical and radiographic results. Because of the high rate of early dislocation and damage to the ceramic, we call attention to the position of the implants and postoperative management in elderly, debilitated patients.
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