일제하 대만·조선 공의(公醫)제도 비교연구: 제도 운영과 그 효과
A Comparative Study on Koii (Public Doctor) System and its Effect on Public Health in Colonial Taiwan and Korea
0
조회
0
다운로드
30
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Koii (Public Doctor) System introduced into Taiwan in 1896 for the purpose of filling up medical vacuum of rural area and therefore spreading modern medical system all over Taiwan, was transplanted in 1913 into Colonial Korea for the same purpose. In terms of system itself Koii system in both areas were almost the same, but quite different in practices. First, Koiis in Taiwan was forced to write concrete medical report every month on the medical situation in the area under jurisdiction, whereas to those in Korea writing monthly report was not so compulsory. This difference resulted in some gaps in the quality of medical statistics of the two areas. Second, Unlike their counterparts in Korea, Koiis in Taiwan organized their own associations both locally and nationally and it helped to build up their own networks and share informations on medical situation including informations on infectious diseases. Third, Koiis in Taiwan formed more harmonious relationship between Taiwanese Police than their counterparts in Korea, which helped them to execute various medical activities in more comfortable environment. Taiwanese People went to medical institutions a lot more frequently than Korean People, and this difference was basically derived from the quite different density of Koii assignment in both areas. Korean People had to spend more time and money to utilize modern medical institutions than Taiwanese People did. The different density of Koii assignment also affected the results of prevention and eradication of infectious diseases; in Taiwan plague and small-pox has been successfully controled, whereas Chosun Government general was not so successful in controling infectious diseases including small-pox. Small-pox infectee in Korea was about 6 times to Taiwan, and the number of death by small-pox was 9 times to Taiwan. One of the keys to this difference is the different role of Koiis. In Korea, Koiis could do little thing about infectious diseases mainly because of manpower shortage, thus shifting their duties like vaccination onto police officers who was inevitably inferior to doctors in medical terms, whereas vaccination was led by Koiis in Taiwan, with the help of police officers and traditional doctors. The difference between Korea and Taiwan in terms of Koii system and its effect implies that public health network in colonial Taiwan was better organized and more stable than that in colonial Korea, and therefore we should be careful about applying the concept of disciplinary power or modernization theory to colonial medical history of Korea.
Abstract
Koii (Public Doctor) System introduced into Taiwan in 1896 for the purpose of filling up medical vacuum of rural area and therefore spreading modern medical system all over Taiwan, was transplanted in 1913 into Colonial Korea for the same purpose. In terms of system itself Koii system in both areas were almost the same, but quite different in practices. First, Koiis in Taiwan was forced to write concrete medical report every month on the medical situation in the area under jurisdiction, whereas to those in Korea writing monthly report was not so compulsory. This difference resulted in some gaps in the quality of medical statistics of the two areas. Second, Unlike their counterparts in Korea, Koiis in Taiwan organized their own associations both locally and nationally and it helped to build up their own networks and share informations on medical situation including informations on infectious diseases. Third, Koiis in Taiwan formed more harmonious relationship between Taiwanese Police than their counterparts in Korea, which helped them to execute various medical activities in more comfortable environment. Taiwanese People went to medical institutions a lot more frequently than Korean People, and this difference was basically derived from the quite different density of Koii assignment in both areas. Korean People had to spend more time and money to utilize modern medical institutions than Taiwanese People did. The different density of Koii assignment also affected the results of prevention and eradication of infectious diseases; in Taiwan plague and small-pox has been successfully controled, whereas Chosun Government general was not so successful in controling infectious diseases including small-pox. Small-pox infectee in Korea was about 6 times to Taiwan, and the number of death by small-pox was 9 times to Taiwan. One of the keys to this difference is the different role of Koiis. In Korea, Koiis could do little thing about infectious diseases mainly because of manpower shortage, thus shifting their duties like vaccination onto police officers who was inevitably inferior to doctors in medical terms, whereas vaccination was led by Koiis in Taiwan, with the help of police officers and traditional doctors. The difference between Korea and Taiwan in terms of Koii system and its effect implies that public health network in colonial Taiwan was better organized and more stable than that in colonial Korea, and therefore we should be careful about applying the concept of disciplinary power or modernization theory to colonial medical history of Korea.
참고문헌 (59)
- "臺灣總督府公文類纂", 數位化檔案, DB, ~
- "臺灣總督府統計書(1896~1940)", 朝鮮總督府官報(1911~1940), ~
- "朝鮮總督府施政年報(1911~1940)", 朝鮮總督府統計年報(1911~1940), ~
- "東亞日報", ~
- "每日申報", ~
- "臺灣日日新報", ~
- "臺灣民報", ~
- 江原道, "江原道衛生一斑", 1934, ~
- 江原道 衛生課, "江原道衛生要覽", ~ (1937)
- 京畿道 衛生課, "衛生槪要", ~ (1937)
- 慶尙北道 警察部, "(昭和14年度)慶北衛生の槪要", ~ (1940)
- 警務局, "醫療機關表 1937", 국가기록원 소장, 관리번호: CJA0002471, ~
- 警察廳 警務局, "公醫ノ配置及其ノ成績, 1935", 국가기록원 소장, 관리번호:CJA0002448, ~
- 臺灣公醫會, "臺灣の衛生狀態", ~ (1910)
- 臺灣醫學會, "臺灣衛生槪要", 臺灣日日新報社, ~ (1913)
- 白石保成, "朝鮮衛生法規類集(全)", ~ (1920)
- 白石保成, "朝鮮衛生要義", ~ (1918)
- 原親雄, "痘瘡の勵行に就いて", 警務彙報 180호, ~ (1920)
- 荻野正俊, "種痘の話", 朝鮮及滿洲, 1933년 3월호, ~
- 全羅北道, "全北之衛生", ~ (1932)
- 朝鮮總督府 警務摠監部 衛生課, "朝鮮衛生法規類集(全)", ~ (1917)
- 朝鮮總督府, "道知事提出意見", ~ (1920)
- 朝鮮總督府, "朝鮮衛生事情要覽", ~ (1922)
- 朝鮮總督府, "朝鮮衛生要覽", ~ (1929)
- 佐藤秀三, "社會ト醫療機關" (1931), 京華社
- 村田昇淸, "種痘に就いて", 朝鮮及滿洲, 1923년 3월호, ~
- 마쓰모토 다케노리, "조선농촌의 식민지 근대 경험" (2011), 논형
- 문명기, "대만ㆍ조선총독부의 초기 재정 비교연구 - ‘식민제국’ 일본의 식민지 통치역량과 관련하여 -", 중국근현대사연구, (44), pp.91~113 (2009), 중국근현대사학회
- 문명기, "근대 일본 식민지 통치모델의 轉移와 그 의미 ― ‘臺灣모델’의 關東州ㆍ朝鮮에의 적용 시도와 변용 ―", 중국근현대사연구, (53), pp.199~220 (2012), 중국근현대사학회
- 문명기, "대만・조선의 ‘식민지근대’의 격차 – 경찰 부문의 비교를 통하여", 중국근현대사연구, (59), pp.69~100 (2013), 중국근현대사학회
- 문명기, "식민지 ‘문명화’의 격차와 그 함의 -의료부문의 비교를 통해 보는 대만ㆍ조선의 ‘식민지근대’-", 한국학연구, (46), pp.33~69 (2013), 한국학연구소
- 문명기, "일제하 대만·조선 公醫制度에 대한 비교사적 접근 - 제도외적 측면을 중심으로 -", 한국학논총, 42, pp.319~358 (2014), 한국학연구소
- 박윤재, "한국 근대의학의 기원" (2005), 혜안
- 박윤재, "조선총독부의 우두정책과 두창의 지속", 의사학, 21(3), pp.377~402 (2012), 대한의사학회
- 신동원, "세균설과 식민지 근대성 비판", 역사비평, (58), pp.341~363 (2002), 역사문제연구소
- 이이지마 와타루(飯島涉), "동아시아와 한일교류" (2008), 아연출판부
- 이흥기, "한국 근대 의사직의 형성과정 : 1885-1945", 박사, 국사학, pp.2010
- 정근식, "식민지 위생경찰의 형성과 변화, 그리고 유산: 식민지 통치성의 시각에서", 사회와역사(구 한국사회사학회논문집), (90), pp.221~270 (2011), 한국사회사학회
- 조형근, "근대 주체와 식민지 규율권력" (1997), 문화과학사
- 조형근, "일제의 공식의료와 개신교 선교의료간 헤게모니 경쟁과 그 사회적 효과", 사회와역사(구 한국사회사학회논문집), (82), pp.123~165 (2009), 한국사회사학회
- 최규진, "대만과 조선의 종두 정책을 통해 본 일본 제국의 식민 통치", 국제고려학, (15) (2014)
- 황상익, "보건의료를 통해 본 일제강점기 조선민중들의 삶: 식민지근대화론의 허와 실", 국제고려학, (15) (2014)
- 鈴木哲造, "日治初年臺灣衛生政策之展開－以<公醫報告>之分析爲中心", 臺灣師大歷史學報, (37) (2007)
- 鈴木哲造, "日治初年臺灣總督府衛生行政制度之形成－與近代日本衛生行政制度比較考察", 師大臺灣史學報, (4) (2011)
- 范燕秋, "疫病·醫學與殖民現代性－日治臺灣醫學史" (2005), 稻鄕
- 劉士永, "1930年代以前日治時期臺灣醫學的特質", 臺灣史硏究, 4(1) (1999)
- 張麗俊, "水竹居主人日記" (2000), 臺灣 中央硏究院 臺灣史硏究所
- 鄭志敏, "日治時期『臺灣民報』醫藥衛生史料輯錄" (2004), 國立中國醫藥硏究所
- 陳雅岺, "日治時期臺灣公醫制度的在地化", 碩士, 歷史學系, pp.2009
- 見市雅俊, "疾病·開發·帝國醫療－アジアにおける病氣と醫療の歷史學" (2001), 東京大學出版會
- 溝口敏行, "舊日本植民地經濟統計－推計と分析" (1988), 東洋經濟新報社
- 金哲, "韓國の人口と經濟" (1965), 岩波書店
- 鈴木哲造, "臺灣總督府の衛生政策と臺灣公醫", 中京大學院生法學硏究論集, (25) (2005)
- 飯島涉, "ペストと近代中國 － 衛生の‘制度化’と社會變容" (2000), 硏文出版
- 飯島涉, "マラリアと帝國 － 植民地醫學と東アジアの廣域秩序" (2005), 東京大學出版會
- 石南國, "韓國の人口增加の分析" (1972), 勁草書房
- 松本武祝, "植民地朝鮮における衛生·醫療制度の改編と朝鮮人社會の反應", 歷史學硏究, (834) (2007)
- 辛圭煥, "20世紀前半, 京城と北京における衛生·醫療制度の形成と衛生統計", 歷史學硏究, (834) (2007)
- 鶴見祐輔, "後藤新平(第1卷)" (1937), 後藤新平伯傳記編纂會