關於『交泰韻』聲母系統演變特點的探討
The characteristics and evolution of the Initial consonant in the Jiao Taiyun
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音韻學發展到明清時期已經有相當悠久的歷史，明清的音韻專著也層出不窮。可以說，明清時期是等韻學最富活力的階段。其中明萬曆年間的『交泰韻』是河南歸德府寧令人呂坤編纂的一部韻圖，通過對該韻書的研究分析，可以更好地梳理中原官話的完整脈絡，探究中原各地區方言的語音演變過程，為完整的漢語語音史提供方言資料證據。 如今關於『交泰韻』的研究成果十分豐富，學術界對『交泰韻』“幫滂明非微、端透泥來、精清心、照穿審日、影曉見溪”的二十聲母也持肯定態度，但對於『交泰韻』聲母演變的具體情況，學者們的界定相對較模糊，某些觀點上甚至存在一些爭議。比如『交泰韻』中全濁聲母字清化規律並不完全符合學術界“大致與北京話相同”的看法；比如『交泰韻』的知莊章三組聲母雖已經合流，歸並為照母、穿母和審母，但是因為韻母的不同，照組內部仍然存在知二莊組與知三章組字的對立，這種合流趨勢並不徹底，需要更準確地論述；還有中古影疑喻母與微母的分化情況與筆者所搜集到的寧陵方言材料也存在差別。所以對『交泰韻』聲母系統演變特點的準確分析和歸納是十分必要的。 解決這些問題，對中原官話、中原地區方言演變研究都有着十分重要的作用。因此，本文就『交泰韻』聲母系統的演變特征，作進一步詳細的探討。
Abstract
The Jiao Taiyun is a rhyme compiled by Li Kun from Ning Ling, GuiDefu, Henan province. Through the research and analysis of the rhyme, the paper can better sort out the complete context of the development of the Central Plains mandarin, explore the evolution process of dialects in the Central Plains, and provide dialect evidence for the complete history of Chinese pronunciation. By reviewing the initiator system of Jiao Taiyun, the definition of the specific circumstances of the change is relatively ambiguous and controversial in some respects. Through the study, the text is thought of as follows in detail:（1）In the voiced and voiced group, the voiced consonants in the voiced and voiced group were pronounced asorganic sounds, and most of them were pronounced as inorganic sounds after the voiced and voiced consonants were pronounced as inorganic sounds.（2）In Jiao Taiyun, the virgin did not fully join. In the original YunFu, there is a complementary benefit distribution between the set of ZhiErZhuang consonantand the set of ZhiSanZhang consonant.（3）In Jiao Taiyun, consonant Ying and consonant Yu and consonant Yi are merged, and consonant Wei exists independently. Today,the special phonological phenomenon Wei in NingLing dialect is re-differentiated after the confluence of medieval initials.
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