휠체어 이용자들의 VO_2 peak 예측을 위한 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트 타당성 검증
The Validity Verification for the Wheelchair Shuttle Run Test to Predict the Wheelchair Users' vo_2peak
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초록
현재 휠체어를 이용하는 사람들에게 적용되는 심폐기능 측정방법은 모두 고가의 기기를 이용한 직접측정방법만이 사용되고 있다. 또한, 직접측정방법 중 Wheelchair treadmill로 심폐기능을 측정할 경우 속도가 증가함에 따라 휠체어 조작기술이 요구되고, 이에 따른 심리적 불안으로 최고산소섭취량을 발현하지 못하는 경우가 나타난다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 단점을 해소하고 다수를 대상으로 최고산소섭취량을 간접으로 측정할 수 있는 field test로서 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트의 타당성을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 모든 피험자가 4가지의 거리(20m, 17m, 14m, 11m)의 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트와 준거 측정으로 Wheelchair Treadmill GXT를 실행하여 최고산소섭취량(VO_2 peak)과 최고심박수(HRpeak) 값을 비교, 분석하였다. 피험자는 특수체육을 전공하며 휠체어 조작 경험이 있는 59명(남 36명, 여 23명)의 대학생이었다. 측정 전 휠체어 조작 훈련을 3주 동안 주 3회 이상, 1일 30분 이상씩 실시하였고 실험 순서는 무선배정 하였다. 최고산소섭취량의 측정은 휴대용가스분석기(K4b^2), 최고심박수는 무선심박수측정기(Polar)를 사용하였으며, 휠체어의 무게는 체중을 포함 125%로 조정하였고 체형에 맞는 것을 선택 후 사용하였다. 거리별 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트와 Wheelchair Treadmill을 이용한 최고운동부하 검사 결과의 타당도 검증은 one-way RM ANOVA, 상관분석, Bland-Altman 분석을 실시하였다. 통계적 유의수준(α)은 0.05로 설정하였다. 휠체어 이용자의 최고산소섭취량 측정을 위한 field test인 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트의 적용가능성에 대한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. Wheelchair Treadmill GXT에 의한 최고산소섭취량과 최고심박수를 준거로 거리별 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트 결과를 비교했을 때, 남녀 모두 field test로서 적용 가능성 있는 휠체어 셔틀런 거리는 11m이었다. 본 연구는 휠체어를 이동 수단으로 하는 피험자를 직접 대상으로 수행하지는 못했으나 비슷한 기능의 많은 피험자를 확보하기 거의 불가능한 현실에서 연구결과는 다음과 같은 시사점을 갖고 있다. 첫째, 휠체어를 이동 수단으로 하는 사람들을 대상으로 한 최고산소섭취량 간접측정법으로 휠체어 셔틀런 테스트를 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 휠체어 셔틀런의 거리는 근육량이 하지에 비해 상대적으로 적어 거리를 축소할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 휠체어 셔틀런을 field test로 편리하게 이용할 장소로 농구장의 하프코트를 활용할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the wheelchair shuttle run test to predict the wheelchair users' vo_2peak. Most of the measurement methods to examine the cardiovascular function for the wheelchair users were based on the direct measurement using the high costed facilities such as wheelchair treadmill, however, the wheelchair users' abilities could not be expressed at their maximum outwork due to the anxiety status on the treadmill according to upgrading of the running speed while requiring the wheelchair operating skills. Therefore, to compensate those disadvantages, Wheelchair Shuttle Run Test as an field test to measure indirectly the wheelchair users' vo_2peak was executed and secured its test validity. The comparison of the variable values between peak and HRpeak of the all subjects who were using the wheelchair were analyzed after testing on the four states of 20m, 17m, 14m, and 11m distances. The subjects were 59(36 male and 23 female) college students who were majoring adapted physical education and having wheelchair operating skills and trained by extra wheelchair operating for 3 weeks (30 min a day and 3 days a week) prior to the main test period and they were randomly assigned in the test groups. K4b2 to measure vo_2peak and Polar wireless HR measurement instrument to examine HRpeak were used and the wheelchair was chosen by the subjects' weight variables after adjusting in 125% of body weight. The results of the tests of maximum exercise load on the treadmill and the variable distances using shuttle run method were used to secure the validity of the field test utilizing one-way RM ANOVA, Correlation Coefficient Analysis, and Bland-Altman Analysis (p<.05). The applicable possibility of the Wheelchair Shuttle Run Test to predict of the wheelchair users' vo_2peak as an field test was examined by this study and the results were as follows: when peak and HRpeak of the subjects tested by Treadmill GXT were compared to the different distance Wheelchair Shuttle Run Test, the applicable shuttle run distances were 11m for male subjects and female subjects. The research was not targeting the people with disabilities who using the wheelchair but selecting the students without disabilities, however, all subjects were trained to operate wheelchair and tested at the same situation of the wheelchair users and the indirect measurement method as a field test for the wheelchair users' vo_2peak was provided by the evidence of the study results. Due to the less muscle mass of the upper arms comparing to the lower limbs the shuttle run distance should be decreased as the results were shown in this study. Also, the basketball court could be used as the field of shuttle run test for the wheelchair users for their conveniences.
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