휠체어 트레드밀 운동 시 휠체어 중량이 생리적 반응에 미치는 영향
Effects of wheelchair mass loading on the physiological responses during wheelchair treadmill exercise
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초록
본 연구는 휠체어 트레드밀 추진 운동 시 중량을 체중에 비례하여 부가하여 나타나는 생리적(에너지관련) 반응의 변화를 규명하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있었다. 대상자는 휠체어농구 선수로 활동하고 있는9명이었다. 측정용 휠체어는 중량 10.34±0.71kg, 11o camber, 바퀴 직경 55cm, 좌석 폭 30~40cm 6대였으며, 체중 대비 부가 중량(휠체어+철제원반)은 20%, 30%, 40% 증가하였고, 그리고 휠체어만을 이용하였다. 검사 전, 측정에 대한 설명을 하였으며, 휠체어 트레드밀 점증운동부하검사는 modified Balke-Ware protocol을 사용하였고, 실험은 무선 배정하여 1주 간격으로 자동가스분석기와 심장박동수 측정기를 이용하여 실시하였다. 측정의 변인은 운동지속시간과 주행거리, 최고심박수(HRpeak)와 최고산소섭취량(V ‧ O2peak), 산소 비용(oxygen cost), 에너지소비지수(EEI, energy expenditure Index), 총 심장박동지수(THBI, total heart beat index) 등이었다. 자료의 분석은 one-way RM ANOVA를 실시하였고 효과크기(effect size) η(eta)를 산출하였다. 통계적 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 모든 변인에서통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나 휠체어 운동지속시간 및 주행거리, 총심장박동수는 중량이 부가될수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, 에너지소비지수는 중량 증가에 따라 커지는 경향을 나타내며 효과크기가 크게 나타났다. 최고심박수와 최고산소섭취량에는 변화가 없었다. 운동 시 휠체어 중량이 증가하면 신체적 부담을 주어 운동량은 줄어들고 에너지 소모량은 증가하였다. 휠체어 트레드밀 운동부하 검사는 휠체어의 중량의 변화에 따라 에너지 소비에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the physiological change with mass loading on wheelchair during wheelchair treadmill exercise. Nine male wheelchair basketball players were selected as the subjects. The study was conducted using the six wheelchairs; weight(10.34±0.71Kg), 11° camber, 55cm diameter of wheel and width of seat(30-40cm). The subjects performed a graded maximal treadmill test in three different condition, which propelled wheelchair weighed 20%, 30% and 40% of their body weight. In order to adjust the weight, the weight plates were added on wheelchair. The time between the tests was a week. All the processes were informed to subjects before the test. Tests were conducted using Modified Balke-Ware protocol, and exercise duration, distance traveled, peak heart rate(HRpeak), and peak oxygen consumption (V ‧ O2peak) were measured every minute until exhaustion. Oxygen cost(VO2mL/kg/m), Energy Expenditure Index(EEI) and Total Heart Beat Index(THBI) were calculated. Repeated measures ANOVA assessed differences across conditions. Effect sizes for F-statistics were expressed as eta-squared (η２). P＜.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Although there was no statically significant difference among all the variance, it tended to decrease exercise duration, distance traveled and THBI with mass loading on wheelchair. EEI increased with mass loading and effect size for EEI was large. There was no difference in peak heart rate and peak oxygen uptake. As adding weight plate on wheelchair, EEI increased during wheelchair treadmill exercise due to induction of physical stress and reduction of exercise volume. In conclusion, wheelchair graded maximal treadmill test could influence on EEI with mass loading on the wheelchair.
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