조선후기 천기론의 사상적 토대에 관한 고찰 - 백악시단의 천기론을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper considered the ideological foundation of Cheon-Gi[天機] theory with Baegak[白嶽] poetical circles as the central figure. Baegak poetical circles put emphasis on the substantiality of natural law[天理], and believed that humans could realize the natural law through the human’s perception ability which was inherented in human mind. Especially, their Mibal[未發] theory emphasized the empty and calm condition of mind to realize the natural law, and their Mibal[未發] theory was directly related to their Cheon-Gi[天機] theory. From Song Dynasty[宋朝] downward, Cheon-Gi[天機] has been used as the Neo-Confucian’s term that means ‘the spot where the natural law[天理] is profoundly revealed’. That is to say, Cheon-Gi[天機] is the medium that enables human to realize the natural law.Baegak poetical circles who had faith in the doctrines of Chu-tzu[朱子] made the Cheon-Gi[天機] into their poetics. They thought that the poetry must be written by the poet who had Cheon-Gi[天機]. And they thought that the only poet who had Cheon-Gi[天機] could capture the Cheon-Gi[天機] of poetic object. And furthermore, they thought that the poetry that was written through the the Cheon-Gi[天機] of poetic object and subject was the very masterpiece. The Cheon-Gi[天機] theory brought about changes as follows: First. raised the importance of poetic object. Second, enabled the poet to write a truthful and individual poetyr. In short, The Cheon-Gi[天機] theory that brought about remarkable changes in the poetical history of late Joseon was built on the Neo-Confucian foundation. That is to say, The Cheon-Gi[天機] theory was the literary transformation of the doctrines of Chu-tzu[朱子].