발신자 및 수신자의 이미지 일치성에 따른 구전동기에 관한 연구
The Influence of Sender or Receiver Image Congruence on Word-of-Mouth Motivations
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초록
소비자 구매 의사 결정 과정에서 기업이 제공하는 정보에 대한 신뢰가 낮아지고 다른 소비자들이 제공하는 정보의 가치는 상승하고 있기 때문에, 소비자 구전에 대한 연구자들의 관심이 집중되고 있다. 기존에도 소비자 구전 의향 형성에 관한 많은 연구들이 있었지만, 본 연구는 타인에게 주는 선물 결정에 관한 연구들을 활용하여 소비자구전 의향 형성 과정을 설명하고자 한다. 선물의 핵심 동기인 관계향상 동기, 도움 동기, 자아향상 동기는 구전의향에도 역시 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 동기들에는 구전 발신자의 자아 일치와 구전 수신자 이미지 일치가 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그 중에서도 관계향상 동기에 대해서는 구전 수신자의 이미지 일치가 구전 발신자 자아 일치보다 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 세 가지 구전 동기가 구전의향에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 구전 발신자와 수신자의 유대강도가 조절효과를 지닐 것이라는 가설을 제시했는데, 검증결과, 가까운 관계에서는 도움 동기가, 먼 관계에서는 관계향상 동기가 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며 자아향상 동기는 두 조건 모두에서 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구는 마케팅 이외에도 여러 학문 분야에서 오래 동안 논의되어온 주제인 선물에 관한 연구의 결과를 차용하여 구전에 관한 가설을 만들고 검증했다. 이를 통해 구전에서 선물과 유사한 현상이 관찰된다는 것을 보였는데, 구전 연구를 바라보는 새로운 이론적 틀을 제시하고 있다는 점에서 본 연구가 의의를 지닌다고 하겠다.
Abstract
This research predict that three WOM motivations are likely to affect the WOM intention. All the three gift-giving motives, relationship bonding, helping, self-enhancement which can be activated by sender’s self congruity and receiver image congruity, increase the WOM intention also. The effect on the relationship bonding motive of receiver image congruity is statistically higher than the effect of sender self congruity. It was hypothesized that the tie strength moderate the effects on the WOM intention of the WOM motives. The results show that in the weak tie strength relationship, relationship bonding motive has significant effect on the WOM intention, and in the strong tie strength relationship, relationship enhancement has significant effect on the WOM intention and in the both conditions, the self enhancement has significant effect on WOM intention. In this research which was conducted to modeling the process of WOM intention formation, the gift giving research frame was used to argue the hypothesis on the WOM intention.
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