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당혹성 제품의 소비목적과 종업원의 성별이 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 사회적 불안감의 매개효과와 혼잡성의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로

The Influence of Embarrassing product’s Consumption Purpose and Cashier’s Gender on Purchase Intention: Focusing on Mediating Effect of Social Anxiety and Moderated Mediating Effect of Crowdedness

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주제분류경제학

초록

소비자들이 경험하는 당혹감은 구매상황뿐만 아니라 구매의 대상이 되는 제품에 의해 유발되기도 한다. 이러한 제품군에는 위생용품, 의약품, 성인용품 등이 포함되며 소비자들은 특정 제품의 구매상황에서 다른 소비자나 종업원 의 시선을 의식한 행동을 보이게 된다. 또한 소비자들은 자신의 사회적 정체성이 훼손될 가능성 때문에 불안감을 느끼나, 이는 구매상황에서 마주하는 타인의 영향에 따라 상이하게 나타날 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 ‘당혹성 제품’의 소비목적과 구매 시 마주하는 종업원의 성별의 상호작용이 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 해당 상황에서 소 비자들이 경험하는 사회적 불안감의 매개효과와 혼잡성의 조절역할을 실증 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 오프라인 매장에 자신과 동성인 종업원이 있을 경우, 실용적인 목적보다 쾌락적인 소비목적으로 당혹 성 제품을 구매하는 소비자들의 구매의도가 더 낮게 나타났다. 반면 동성인 종업원이 있는 상황에서는 이들 간 차 이가 발견되지 않았다. 또한 소비목적과 종업원 성별의 상호작용이 구매의도에 미치는 영향은 사회적 불안감에 의 해 매개되었으며, 사회적 불안감의 매개효과는 점포의 혼잡성에 의해 조절됨을 확인하였다. 구체적으로 점포가 혼잡 하지 않은 상황에서는 사회적 불안감의 매개효과가 나타났으나 이는 매장이 혼잡한 상황에서는 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구는 소비자의 당혹성 제품의 구매 시, 소비자행동의 차이가 나타나는 원인을 규명하기 위해 소비자, 매장 종 업원, 다른 소비자와 같은 인적 요인들의 영향을 포괄적으로 다루었다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 또한 연구 결과를 토대 로 향후 당혹성 제품을 판매하는 기업과 매장 관리자들에게 유용한 실무적 지침을 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Abstract

While the embarrassment can arise from context of purchasing, it can arise from purchasing specific products such as sanitary products, medicines and adult products. In the purchase situation of that products, consumers tend to be aware of other people’s reaction, make a decision to protect their social identities. In this context, this study focused on the effect of other people on consumer behavior when consumers purchase an ‘embarrassing product’. So, we first investigated the effect of consumption purpose of embarrassing products on purchase intention and the moderating effect of cashier’s gender. Also, in order to identify the mechanism by which these effects occurs, we investigated the mediating role of social anxiety in the purchasing situation, and investigated how the mediating effect of social anxiety vary with crowdedness. The results showed that when cashier of opposite gender was present, purchase intention of embarrassing products was lower for consumers those who purchase embarrassing products for hedonic purpose than utilitarian purpose. However, when cashier of same gender was present, there was no significant difference in purchase intention between consumers who purchase products for hedonic purpose and utilitarian purpose. Also, it is verified that the interaction effect between consumption purpose and cashier’s gender on purchase intention was mediated by social anxiety, and the mediating effect of social anxiety is moderated by crowdedness. Based on the results from this study, academic and practical implications can be drawn. First, this study extends the scope of prior researches by empirically analyzing an ‘embarrassing product’. Second, this study deals with the effect of human factors in order to investigate the cause of difference in consumer behavior when purchasing embarrassing product. Finally, the results of this research can provide practical guidelines to mitigate decline in purchase.

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