지불 수단이 온라인 가격비교사이트의 최저가격 제품 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 지불고통, 인지종결욕구, 조절초점을 중심으로
Effects of Payment Methods on Purchasing Intention of the Online Price Comparison Website’s Lowest Price Product: Focused on Pain of Paying, Need for Cognitive Closure, and Regulatory Focus
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참고문헌
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초록
최근 많은 소비자들이 온라인 가격비교 사이트를 이용하여 쉽게 가격을 비교하고 경제적으로 알뜰한 쇼핑을 즐긴다. 그러나, 모든 소비자들이 언제나 가장 싼 가격을 제시하는 쇼핑몰의 제품을 구매하지는 않는다. 온라인 소비자들의 구매 환경, 심리적 상태 등 제품 가격 외 요인들도 상품 구매 과정에 영향을 미치기 때문이다. 본 연구는 구체적으로 현금, 신용카드와 같은 지불수단과 개인의 인지종결욕구, 조절 초점과 같은 심리적 변수들이 가격비교 사이트의 최저가 상품 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 두 가지 실험을 진행하였는데, 먼저 연구 1에서는 소비자들이 현금으로 지불할 경우에 신용카드로 지불할 때 보다 최저가 상품 구매의도가 높아짐을 보였다. 이는 신용카드 프리미엄(credit card premium), 심리적 근시안성(psychological myopia), 심적회계(mental accounting) 등으로 설명될 수 있었다. 그리고, 본 연구는 이러한 영향력이 지불에 대한 고통에 의해 매개된다는 것을 확인하였다. 한편, 이러한 매개과정을 개인의 인지종결욕구가 조절할 것이라는 조절된 매개모형도 제안하였으나 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 발견하지는 못하였다. 연구 2에서는 지불에 대한 고통의 매개효과가 개인의 조절초점에 의해 조절될 것이라는 또 다른 조절된 매개효과 가설을 제시하고 이를 통계적으로 검증하였다. 예방초점 소비자들은 제품 구매 시 혜택보다 비용에 더욱 집중하기 때문에 현금으로 지불할 경우 더 큰 지불 고통을 느끼게 되고, 이로 인해 최저가 제품 구매의도가 올라감을 확인하였다. 반대로 향상초점 소비자들은 구매 제품의 품질과 혜택에 더욱 집중하기 때문에 지불 고통의 매개 효과가 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 온라인 쇼핑몰들은 자사의 제시 가격 수준에 보다 적합한 마케팅 전략을 제안할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
Recently, many consumers easily compare prices and shop economically by using the price comparison website. However, not all consumers buy the cheapest product which the comparison site presents. This is because other factors besides the price of a product such as purchase environment, psychological state etc. also affect the purchase process. This study analyzes how the psychological variables such as payment method like cash and credit card, personal needs for cognitive closure, and regulatory focus affect the consumers’ purchasing intention of the online price comparison website’s lowest price product. This study has carried out two experiments. First, the study 1 has shown that consumers’ intention of purchasing the lowest price product was higher when the payment method was cash rather than the credit card. This can be explained by credit card premium, psychological myopia, and mental accounting etc. Furthermore, this study has identified that this kind of influence mediated by pain of paying. Meanwhile, we have proposed the moderated mediation model to show that personal need for cognitive closure may moderate the mediating process, but could not find out meaning results. The study 2 has introduced another moderated mediation effect hypothesis and verified statistically to show that the mediation effect of pain of paying would be moderated by one’s regulatory focus. Prevention-focused consumers has felt more pain when purchasing by cash as they focused more on costs that benefits, and therefore the purchasing intention of the lowest price product increased. However, the effect of pain mediating for payment was not found from promotion-focused consumers, as they focused more on the quality and benefits of the lowest price product. Consequently, we expect that the online shopping malls managers could propose proper marketing strategies according to the price level of their products as this study results show.
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