在伪满洲国的中韩文坛建设 ― 古丁与安寿吉的文学活动

Abstract

This paper compares the political significanceof the literary activities of Gu Ding and An Sugil in Manchukuo, focusing on their efforts to construct Chinese and Korean literary worlds in the Japanese puppet state. The two writers have been associated with both pro-Japanese and nationalist tendencies, and this paper specifically explores whether they considered the literary worlds they were building as part of Manchukuo culture or as continuation of Chinese or Korean culture. I pay particular attention to the different positions Gu and An each occupied in the literary scene of Manchukuo: while Gu was an extremely active writer in the central literary scene of Manchukuo, which was represented mostly by Japanese and Chinese writers, An and the Korean literary world An was building were generally ignored by Japanese and Chinese writers. Being a prominent writer in Manchukuo, Gu Ding’s literary activities clearly showed pro-Manchukuo and pro-Japanese tendencies in various ways. However, Gu’s efforts to uphold the tradition of modern Chinese literature―especially the May 4th literature―suggests that he also thought of the literary world he was building as a continuation of Chinese culture. These contradictory tendencies of Gu’s literary activities can be explained partly by his pursuit of literary modernity: Gu may have wanted to learn from the achievement of modern Japanese literature in his interaction with Japanese writers and at the same time continue the tradition of modern Chinese literature. As a Korean writer in Manchukuo who was largely unknown outside of the Korean community, An Sugil took a detached and ambiguous stance in his relation to Manchukuo and Korea. An did not really intend to continue the tradition of modern Korean literature, but had a sense of rivalry with the literary world in Seoul. On the other hand, An said he wanted the Manchukuo government to recognize the Korean litrary world he was building in Manchuria, but, I argue, it was not so much his unreserved collaboration with the Manchukuo government as his desire to develop the literary world he was building. Furthermore, it is difficult to clearly define the literary world An was building as the culture of the Korean immigrant community. An believed that literature was relatively autonomous from the political and economic realms in the Korean immigrant society, with the literary world he was building apparently cut off from the society.