Psychological Aspects of Patriotism and Territorial Disputes in Northeast Asia
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This study is designed to shed some light on the future of territorial disputes in Northeast Asia countries - claiming territorial sovereignty over small islands – Senkaku/Daioyu between China and Japan, and Dok-do/ Takesima between Japan and S. Korea. Without a doubt, the strong nationalism of three countries’ publics has been regarded as a key factor making the situation of sovereignty conflict even worse. Unlike the concept of nationalism originated from Western culture, there is a unique and traditional concept as, so called “Confucian Loyalty” a psychological aspect of patriotism in Northeast Asian countries. Due to the cultural influence by the fundamental tenet of Confucianism in Northeast Asia - all things in the universe exist in or survive for the harmonious relationship with other things - this study assumes that the public with a high level of Confucian Loyalty is less likely to support the government’s use of hard-power diplomatic methods for resolving the disputes than the public with a high level of nationalism. Given the statistical analysis of three countries’ public surveys, this study argues, when the territorial disputes emerging among three countries become the most important diplomatic issue in Northeast Asia, the relationship between Japan and China is going to be more serious than that of between Japan and S. Korea. Because both publics in Japan and China have a stronger nationalistic aspect of patriotism than S. Korean people, they won’t accept any situation in which their governments need to yield territorial sovereignty for a peaceful compromise against other states in disputed relations.
Abstract
This study is designed to shed some light on the future of territorial disputes in Northeast Asia countries - claiming territorial sovereignty over small islands – Senkaku/Daioyu between China and Japan, and Dok-do/ Takesima between Japan and S. Korea. Without a doubt, the strong nationalism of three countries’ publics has been regarded as a key factor making the situation of sovereignty conflict even worse. Unlike the concept of nationalism originated from Western culture, there is a unique and traditional concept as, so called “Confucian Loyalty” a psychological aspect of patriotism in Northeast Asian countries. Due to the cultural influence by the fundamental tenet of Confucianism in Northeast Asia - all things in the universe exist in or survive for the harmonious relationship with other things - this study assumes that the public with a high level of Confucian Loyalty is less likely to support the government’s use of hard-power diplomatic methods for resolving the disputes than the public with a high level of nationalism. Given the statistical analysis of three countries’ public surveys, this study argues, when the territorial disputes emerging among three countries become the most important diplomatic issue in Northeast Asia, the relationship between Japan and China is going to be more serious than that of between Japan and S. Korea. Because both publics in Japan and China have a stronger nationalistic aspect of patriotism than S. Korean people, they won’t accept any situation in which their governments need to yield territorial sovereignty for a peaceful compromise against other states in disputed relations.
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