한국 해외직접투자가 교역에 미치는 영향
The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Trade in Korea
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본 연구에서는 우리나라의 해외직접투자가 무역액 및 수출액에 미치는 영향을 중력방정식을 이용하여 분석하였다. 2000년대 이후 우리나라는 국제가치사슬 구조에 기반한 전략적 투자지역 선정에 함께 자유무역협정이 체결되면서 해외생산기지 구축을 위한 해외직접투자가 이루어지고 수출이 확대되고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 해외직접투자가 과연 무역액 및 수출액에 부정적인 영향을 미치는지 혹은 긍정적인 영향을 미치는지를 분석하고자 한다. 또한 해외직접투자와 자유무역협정이 결합되어 서로 간에 상승작용을 일으키는 최근 추세를 반영하기 위해 다양한 계량경제학적인 방법론을 이용하였다. 특히 자유무역협정을 고려한 해외직접투자의 무역액 및 수출액에 미치는 효과를 분석하고자 하였으며, 변수들의 내생성과 패널자료 특성을 감안한 방법론을 적용하였다. 분석 결과에 의하면 해외직접투자는 무역액 및 수출액을 증대시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타나 최근 우리나라 무역액 및 수출액의 증대가 해외직접투자에 기인하는 것으로 분석되었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment on trade and exports in Korea using gravity equation. Since the 2000s, Korea has concluded free trade agreements in the strategic investment area selection based on the global value chain structure, and foreign direct investment for building overseas production bases has been made, and exports have been expanding. This study attempts to analyze whether foreign direct investment has a negative or positive effect on the amount of trade and export. Recently, foreign direct investment(FDI) and free trade agreements(FTA) have been combined to create a synergistic effect, and various econometric methodologies were used to reflect recent trends in this study. In particular, we analyze the effect of foreign direct investment on the amount of trade and exports considering FTAs and use methods to consider the endogeneity of variables and panel data characteristics. According the results of the analysis, foreign direct investment has an effect of increasing the amount of trade and exports. As a results, it is found out that the increase of the trade value and the export amount of Korea is caused by foreign direct investment.
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