전기자동차 충전시설의 구축확대를 위한 법적 문제

Abstract

Recent global issues in motor vehicles are fuel economy scandal of Volkswagen diesel car and successive sales by subscription of Tesla model 3 which is a distributional electric vehicles. These issues throw open the door to forecast that electric vehicles will dominate great portion of electric vehicles markets as environment-friendly motor vehicles. Even though electric vehicles contribute to air pollution prevention and decrease of green-house gas, the diffusion and spread of electric vehicles still have not been greatly established yet. The government reformed the law of environment-friendly motor vehicles in April, 2016 for mandating construction of charging facilities in public buildings to increase the number of charging facilities which is a premise of diffusion of electric vehicles. However, the expansion of charging facilities for electric vehicles led by government is doomed to face with limitation, therefore, a policy to encourage active private corporation and participation must be made along with the law enforcement. The duty to install charging facilities for electric vehicles is a system for ensuring a minimum of charging facilities for electric vehicles. The important parts of this system is to determine range of obligator who is required to install a charging facilities and criteria for the quantity of charging facilities and range of the number of installations. Moreover, there must be a legal basis of charging facilities and its exclusive parking area for sufficiently utilizing charging facilities for electric vehicles. Success of expansion of electric vehicles diffusion is depending on whether the charging infra for electric vehicles is sufficiently established. There are two roles of government for expansion of charging facilities diffusion for electric vehicles. One is to establish a minimum basis for diffusion of electric vehicles and the other one is to facilitate private businesses entering to market for activating charging business markets. Current 「Electric Utility Act」 determines high entry barrier of charging businesses for electric vehicles because of all sorts of regulations. To solve this problem, the government suggested a law revision called 「Electric Utility Act」 to National Assembly to relax the restraints that business operators have when entering to the market or operating business. It cannot be estimated how much electric vehicles can replace internal combustion engine vehicles. However, one certain thing is that electric vehicles markets are gradually expanding now. Supply of electric vehicles will be greatly relying on the degree of establishing charging facilities. If diffusion of electric vehicles reaches the certain bar, diffusion of charging facility for electric vehicles will be rapidly increasing. Since diffusion of electric vehicles and charging facility are very closely interacted with each other, the government and local governments need to prioritize an establishment of policy appropriate for increasing charging facilities. Spread of electric vehicles diffusion will greatly influence decrease of green-house gas and air pollution. Therefore, in this regard, legislation for expanding establishment of charging facility for electric vehicles has the validity.