고추역병과 시들음병을 방제하는 토착길항세균Pseudomonas fluorescens 4059 의 선발과길항기작
Selection and Antagonistic Mechanism ofPseudomonas fluorescens 4059 Against Phytophthora Blight Disease.
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초록
토양 우점능이 강한 생물학적 방제제 제조를 위해 경북지역 토양에서 길항균주를 분리하고 이들 중 Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici에 강력한 길항능을 보이는 Pseudomonas sp. 4059를 선발, 동정하였다. Pseudomonas sp. 4059의 시들음병균 Fusarium oxysporum, 고추 역병균 Phytophthora capsici에 대한 길항기작은 내열성 저분자의 항생물질과 철이온을 특이적으로 흡착하는 siderophore의 생산에 의한 것이였다. Pseudomonas sp. 4059는 항진균성 항생물질 Phenazine 생산 유전자를 소유하며 Salkowski test에 양성인 옥신류 생산도 한다는 것을 확인하였다. Pseudomonas sp. 4059는 bioochemical tests, API test, MicroLogTM system을 통해 Pseudomonas fluorescens (biotype A)으로 98% 상동성을 보였으므로 이를 Pseudomonas fluorescens (biotype A) 4059로 명명하였다. 선발된 길항균 Pseudomonas fluorescens (biotype A) 4059는 고추를 기주식물로 하였을때 고추역병균인 Phytophthora capsici가 원인이 되는 고추역병을 in vivo상에서도 충분히 억제할 수 있는 생물방제능을 나타내었다.
Abstract
In oder to select the powerful rhizophere-dorminatable biocontrol agent, we had isolated an indigenous antagonistic bacterium which produced antibiotic and siderophore from a disease suppressive local field soil of Gyungsan, Korea. And we could select the Pseudomonas sp. 4059 which can strongly antagonize against Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora capsici by two kinds of antifungal mechanism that can be caused by the antibiotic of Phenazin, a siderophore and a auxin like substance. The selected strain was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens (biotype A) 4059 by biochemical tests, API? test, MicroLog TM system and 16S rDNA analysis. The selected antagonistic microorganism, Pseudomonas sp. 4059 had an antifungal mechanism of antifungal antibiotic and sidrophore. And we were confirmed the antagonistic activity of P. fluorescens 4059 with in vitro antifungal test against Phytophthora capsici and in vivo by red-pepper.
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