Z세대의 문화자본과 권력의 재생산
Reproduction of Cultural Capital and Power among Generation Z
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이 연구는 Z세대를 중심으로 변화하는 문화자본 획득 방법의 변화에 대한 고찰을 기반으로 이러한 패러다임 변화가 지니는 사회, 문화적 함의와 디자인 교육의 새로운 방향성을 제안하는데 궁극적인 목적을 갖는다. 연구방법은 문헌 연구를 중심으로 이론적 근거를 찾되 동시에 Z세대들과의 1:1 심층 인터뷰와 FGI(Focus Group Interview)를 통해 실증적, 경험적 근거 제시를 통한 연구의 신뢰성과 타당성을 갖추고자 한다. 세습적 성격을 지닌 전통적인 문화자본 획득 방법은 시공간을 초월하여 글로벌 사회의 다양한 문화 습득과 자기 주도적 학습을 가능하게 하는 소셜미디어에 자리를 내줌으로써 문화자본 습득 방법의 민주화와 동시에 전유를 통한 문화적, 사회적 재생산을 가능하게 한다. 이는 문화적취향의 유동성과 다양성을 낳음으로써 전통적 개념의 계급 개념을 허물고 창의적인 문화자본의 탈영토화를 창출한다. 더 나아가, 소셜미디어 기반의 온라인 커뮤니티는 초문화적 구성을 통한 연결을 기반으로 이러한 혼종성으로부터의 창의성을 강화시키는 초석으로 기능한다. 한편, Z세대들의 소셜미디어 중심의 삶은 끊임없는 자기표현과 초연결에 대한 암묵적 압력으로 인해 정체성의 큐레이션을 강요함으로써 다중 정체성, 자기 은폐 등의 진정성이 결여된 디지털 삶의 재구성이라는 우려를 낳고 있다. 이를 기반으로 새로운 미디어 커뮤니케이션 디자인 교육의 방향성으로는 정보의 비판적 평가 역량의함양, 온·오프라인 동시적 문화자본 획득과 체화의 균형을 기를 수 있는 커리큘럼 개발 필요하며 Z세대들의 진정성과 자긍심 고취를 위한 노력이 모든 디자인 교육의 토대가 되어야 한다.
Abstract
This study aims to propose a new direction for media communication design education in response to the paradigm shift driven by changing methods of acquiring cultural capital among the Z generation. The research methodology involves primarily a literature review to establish a theoretical foundation, while concurrently seeking to enhance the reliability and validity of the study through empirical and experiential evidence. This will be accomplished by conducting one-on-one in-depth interviews with members of Generation Z and employing Focus Group Interviews. Traditional methods of cultural capital acquisition, rooted in established norms, have given way to the emergence of social media, enabling transcendent cultural acquisition and self-directed learning across temporal and spatial boundaries in the global society. This shift democratizes the acquisition of cultural capital, allowing for cultural and societal reproduction through shared access. By fostering fluidity and diversity in cultural preferences, this transformation challenges the conventional hierarchical notions and nurtures the de-territorialization of creative cultural capital. Furthermore, online communities based on social media platforms serve as cornerstones for enhancing creativity through the amalgamation of diverse influences, strengthening creativity through cross-cultural interactions. On the other hand, the social media-centric lives of the Z generation have raised concerns about the reconstruction of digital life, marked by a constant pursuit of self-expression and hyper-connectivity. Implicit pressures toward ceaseless self-curation have led to fears of compromised authenticity and multi-persona, highlighting a deficiency in true selfhood in the digital realm. Guided by these observations, the future trajectory of new media communication design education necessitates the cultivation of critical evaluative skills concerning information, the development of curricula capable of fostering a balance between online and offline cultural capital acquisition and embodiment, and the concerted effort to bolster the authenticity and self-esteem of the Z generation. These endeavors must serve as the foundation for all design education.
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