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20세기 전반기 통계학사에 대한 연구 : 통계적 검정과 심리학을 중심으로

A Study on the History of Statistics in the Early Twentieth Century Focused on Statistical Tests and Psychology

조재근
한국수학사학회 (The Korean Society For History Of Mathematics)|2013.08|한국수학사학회지 (Journal for History of Mathematics)|제26권 제4호|pp. 277-299

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참고문헌

키워드

심리학의 역사history of psychology통계학의 역사유의성검정가설검정history of statisticssignificance testhypothesis test
주제분류수학

초록

통계학의 역사에서 20세기 전반기는 수리통계학을 중심으로 체계적인 이론 연구가 이루어지면서통계학이 독자적인 지위를 얻은 시기이자 그 연구 성과들이 사회과학을 비롯한 여러 분야에서 중요한방법으로 활용되기 시작한 시기였다. 하지만 그 과정은 통계학 내부에서 여러 논쟁이 치열하게 전개된시기이기도 하였다. 이 글에서는 통계적검정법에 대한 R. A. Fisher와 J. Neyman-E. S. Pearson의논쟁을 살펴보고 사회과학 가운데 심리학에서 1940년 이후 두 가지 검정법을 섞은 검정법을 널리활용한 역사를 살펴보았다. 이로부터 우리는 통계학의 이론 연구와 응용 사이의 간극을 확인하는 한편다양한 논쟁 속에서 발달해온 통계학만의 독특한 역사도 살필 수 있었다.

Abstract

It was not until the early twentieth century that statistics emerged as an independent academic discipline. The developments of statistical theory and methods would not have been possible without heated controversies among founding fathers. One of them, controversy on the statistical test between R. A. Fisher and J. Neyman,E. S. Pearson had been very fierce and long-lasting. On the other hand it was in the early twentieth century that psychologists began to utilize statistical test which was a hybrid of tests developed by Fisher and Neyman-Pearson. By considering the history of fields such as psychology, we can see distinctive characteristics specific to the history of statistics.

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