토픽 모델링을 활용한 라스트마일 배송의 논제 분석
Analysis on the Themes of Last-mile Delivery Using Topic Modeling
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참고문헌
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초록
온라인 전자상거래의 발전과 코로나19 팬데믹 시대에 라스트마일 배송의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 하지만 물류비용 측면에서는 비효율성이 높은 구간으로 수익성을 확보하기 위한 기술 혁신이나 다양한 전략이 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 토픽 모델링 기법을 적용하여 라스트마일 배송 관련 연구의 핵심 논제를 분석하여 새로운 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 연구 결과의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 단어의 빈도 분석을 통해 라스트마일 배송은 고객, 시간, 비용이 중요한 키워드임을 확인하였다. 둘째, 단어의 유사도 분석을 통해 라스트마일 배송에서 특히 배송의 유연성이 중요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 셋째, LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation) 분석을 통해 다섯 가지 연구 논제, 디지털화(digitalziaton), 도심 물류(urban logistics), 풀필먼트(fullfillment), 노선 최적화(route optimization), 서비스 혁신(service innovation)으로 분류하였다. 넷째, IDM(Intertopic Distance Map) 분석을 통해 디지털화와 노선 최적화, 풀필먼트와 서비스 혁신이 각각 서로 인접하여 논제의 유사성이 있음을 확인하였다. 기존의 연구가 키워드나 초록 중심으로 이루어졌으나 본 연구는 논문의 본문을 포함하여 더 많은 텍스트 정보를 제공하여 새로운 통찰력을 제공하고 기존 문헌을 보완하는 측면에서 학술적 기여가 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
With the development of online e-commerce and the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for last-mile delivery is increasing. However, the last-mile delivery is known as a section with high inefficiency in terms of logistics cost so that it requires technological innovation or various strategies to secure profitability. Therefore, in this study, the topic modeling technique was applied to analyze the key topics of the last mile delivery related research and to provide new implications. The implications of the study results are as follows. First, through word frequency analysis, customers, time, and cost were important keywords for last mile delivery. Second, through word similarity analysis, delivery flexibility was particularly important in last-mile delivery. Third, through LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) analysis, it was classified into five research topics such as digitaliziaton, fulfillment, service innovation, route optimization, and urban logistics. Fourth, through IDM (Intertopic Distance Map) analysis, digitization and route optimization were adjacent to each other, and similarly fulfillment and service innovation were adjacent to each other. This confirmed that the topics were similar respectively. Although existing studies have focused on keywords or abstracts, this study provides more textual information by including the body of the research paper so that it can provide new insights and academic contributions in terms of supplementing existing literature.
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