Vernacularization of Literary Sinitic in Early Modern Vietnam's Confucian Texts: A Study of the Annotations in the Tứ thư ước giải 四書約解
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Studies of the use of baihua (vernacular Sinitic) in monarchical Vietnam have mostly been based on data from Chan Buddhist yulu (禪宗語錄) dating to the period of the twelfth through fourteenth centuries, with no research conducted using other sources. In order to bridge this gap, this article examines the use of wenyan (literary Sinitic) and/or baihua in the seventeenth-century Vietnamese Confucian text known as Tứ thư ước giải 四書約解 (A Concise Interpretation of the Four Books). This article argues that the development of the Confucian civil service examination, and the significant role of literary Sinitic in administrative documents might have been two primary reasons for the unpopularity of baihua in monarchical Vietnam, while also documenting several instances of baihua grammatical construction in this text.
Abstract
Studies of the use of baihua (vernacular Sinitic) in monarchical Vietnam have mostly been based on data from Chan Buddhist yulu (禪宗語錄) dating to the period of the twelfth through fourteenth centuries, with no research conducted using other sources. In order to bridge this gap, this article examines the use of wenyan (literary Sinitic) and/or baihua in the seventeenth-century Vietnamese Confucian text known as Tứ thư ước giải 四書約解 (A Concise Interpretation of the Four Books). This article argues that the development of the Confucian civil service examination, and the significant role of literary Sinitic in administrative documents might have been two primary reasons for the unpopularity of baihua in monarchical Vietnam, while also documenting several instances of baihua grammatical construction in this text.