오바마 정부의 노동정책과 '노동의 위기'
The ‘Crisis of Labor’ and the Labor Policy under the Obama Adiministration in the U.S.
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초록
이 논문에서는 현재 미국의 노동시장과 노사관계 상황을 각각 ‘위기’로 진단하며오바마 정부의 노동정책의 성과를 고용을 중심으로 한 노동시장과 노동법 개정 등노사관계 상황으로 구분해서 각각의 특징과 의미를 검토한다. 노동시장 측면에서 대불황을 겪으며 진행되는 고용측면의 변화가 과거 불황 때와는 비교할 수 없는 규모로의 고용감축과 불안정고용이 지속됨으로써 ‘고용위기’라 부를 만한 것임을 강조한다. 노사관계에서는 노동법 개정을 통해 노사관계 힘의 균형을 회복하려는 시도가 좌절되는 과정을 살펴보고 노동조합과 노동운동의 정치적, 사회적 영향력이 쇠퇴한 조건에서 미국의 공공부문에서의 고용감축과 공공부문 노사관계 변화를 소개한다. 이어서 노동의 위기’라 할 수 있는 변화들이 미국사회에 미치게 될 정치, 사회적 함의를검토한다.
Abstract
This paper examines the labor issues in the United States, focusing on employment and labor relations under the Obama Administration. I diagnose the current situations of both the labor market and the labor relations as a ‘crisis’. In the labor market, I emphasize the increase of unemployment and unstable employments. In respect to the labor relations, I explore the negative public sentiment towards the labor unions and diminishing public influence of these unions. I also briefly describe the efforts to change the labor laws and its failures,and the growing hostile encroachments to the right of collective bargaining in the public sector. As a conclusion, I also include implications to American society as a whole if the labor crisis deepens.
참고문헌 (24)
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