개화기 교과서의 종성표기와 어간 어미 분리표기에 관하여

Abstract

Korean tongue has many phonological rules, so the language has many allo-forms in actual speech. If one transcribe the actual speech as they are, a word could be written in many forms according to their phonological conditions. Scholars developed official transcriptional system in which a word is written in one form in spite of different phonological surroundings. The system was developed in the year of 1936. Until the spelling system was developed most Korean texts had been written in actual speech mode.This thesis deals with the texts written in 1895-1908. Korean transcriptional system marks syllable-ending consonants on the bottom[받침] of the syllabicated letter. Nominals and verbal stems end with ‘ㄱ’, ‘ㄲ’, ‘ㅋ’ were neutralized and transcribed as ‘ㄱ’, those with ‘ㄷ’, ‘ㅈ’, ‘ㅅ’, ‘ㅊ’, ‘ㅌ’ as ‘ㅅ’, and those with ‘ㅂ’, ‘’, ‘ㅍ’ as ‘ㅂ’. But ‘얻다’, ‘받다’ show exceptions. ‘ㄷ’ of the two words were spelled as initial of the next syllable. Syllable ending ‘ㅅ’ was transcribed either one ‘ㅅ’ or double ‘ㅅ’, once in the bottom[받침] next in the initial of the following syllable. When verbal final ‘ㅊ’ was spelled as ‘ㅅ’, they falls one of the following four shapes : 1) the next grammatical morpheme with no consonant remain uncontaminated as in ‘은’, ‘석양빗이’, 2) on the contrary the next morpheme contaminated with ‘ㅅ’, so there are double ‘ㅅ’ as in ‘시’와 ‘빗시’, 3) the consonant moved to the next syllable initial as in ‘도슬’, finally 4) preceded syllable start either with aspirated [h = ㅎ] or with ‘ㅊ’ as in ‘흔’, ‘치’.