대한제국 시기 농업교육 실시와 농업교과서 발간 - 『初等學農業大要』 검정 청원본을 중심으로 -

Abstract

After the signing of the Korea-Japan Protectorate Treaty of 1905, Japan began to investigate the agricultural situation in Korea for colonial policies, such as Japanese agricultural immigration, and to seek promotion measures. On the other hand, the Korean government and intellectuals wanted to increase agricultural productivity as a basis for Korea’s wealth, strength, civilization and enlightenment. As part of the colonial education policy, the Residency-General strengthened vocational education promotion policy, especially the agricultural vocational education. Therefore, the agricultural education was expanded and implemented not only in vocational schools but also in elementary schools under the supervision of the Residency-General. Although each school used the existing agricultural books as textbooks, new agricultural textbooks were published for students in the 3rd and 4th grades of public schools or agricultural schools. These agricultural textbooks were approved and published as textbooks after being inspected according to the ‘Rules for Inspection of Textbooks’ promulgated in September 1908 by the Residency-General for the purpose of controlling textbooks. At that time, Heungsadan founded by Yu Gil-jun, also wrote Chodeunghagnongeobdaeyo (Elementary Agricultural Book) as an agricultural textbook for elementary school and petitioned for an inspection. This study summarizes the bibliographical matters and the procedure of inspection of Chodeunghaknongeobdaeyo which remains in the copy of textbook inspection, and examines inspector’s direction of revisions and deletions recorded in the text. In addition, Chodeunghaknongeobdaeyo and Sinchannongeobgyogwaseo (New Agricultural Textbook) written by Fukushima, an inspector who examined this textbook, were compared and analyzed. Through this analysis, it was possible to confirm what kind of procedure the textbook examination was conducted after the implementation of the textbook inspection system and what the actual textbook examination standards were. As a result of being inspected, it seems that Chodeunghaknongeobdaeyo was not permitted to be published because it did not meet the educational standards. The inspector requested correction or deletion of textbook descriptions where errors or inaccurate information, unclear expressions or terms were used. In addition, considering that it is an agricultural textbook for elementary education, he ordered deletion and correction of contents that were not appropriate for student level or agricultural technology that could not be applied to Korea's climate or land conditions. In addition, the results of comparison with the textbook written by Fukushima, support the speculation that the Chodeunghaknongeobdaeyo did not meet the educational standards and thus could not pass the inspection.