박인환 시에 나타난 ‘시적 무의미’의 범주들과 그 특성

Abstract

This study examines Park In-hwan’s personal grammar and its thick meaning through viewing his diverse categories of poetic nonsense from the point of view of the ‘category theory of poetic nonsense’. Modern poetry shows the points that breakaway from normal sentence in category theory, syntax, and semantics. ‘Category theory of poetic nonsense’ is materialized such as ‘the nonsense of situation’, ‘the nonsense of words’, ‘the category mistake’ and ‘enigma’ by those points through ‘lexis’, ‘syntax’ and ‘the form of poetry. ‘Nonsense’ resulting from breaking away from normal grammar has poetic meaning because it creates new meaning through ‘intensive unification’ in the ‘thick’ category of sense, though it shows contradiction and breakaway in ‘shallow’ order of language. The expressions of poetic nonsense show up through ‘category mistake’ and ‘nonsense of language’ in phrases. Viewing at the perspective of sentences, expressions showing ‘the nonsense of situation’ or ‘enigma’ also show up sometimes. Poetic nonsense expressions have complex structure that is mixed with diverse categories of nonsense. In addition, his poetry has a characteristic that there are conceptual words in the expressions of modifiers. ‘The nonsense of situation’ signifies mostly hallucination and illusion in his poetry. This nonsense is closely related with intense fear or despair facing the horrible corpse of war. The figure of a narrator is mainly laid in the boundary line of heterogeneous worlds such ‘existence and absence’, ‘darkness and brightness’, ‘two fires’. ‘Narrator standing at the boundary line’ has the meaning that he has the duty as a poet who has to express incompatible two worlds which coexist in the real world. ‘Category mistake’ is mostly related with indirect expression of psychology of the narrator I. ‘Category mistake’ shows up in the adjective phrases which contain expressions such as ‘anxious’, ‘unhappy’ and ‘words related with death’. These signify his emotion in wartime such as ‘despair’, ‘death’, ‘anxiety’ and ‘unhappiness. This feeling is also expressed by turning to ‘deity’ or ‘moon’. Context that belong to ‘Category mistake’ is compose of ‘abstract Chinese words’ or ‘abstract terms’. ‘The nonsense of words’ is related with two experiences. One is Korean War experience and the other is the experience of unfamiliar civilization of Seattle, USA. ‘The nonsense of words’ uses strange words and their connection that are not right in syntax. Those words express anxiety and fear. In addition, ‘The nonsense of words’ of him has a characteristic that it has expressions which is lack in response between words to words. It mostly shows up as a discord tense conflicting ‘past’, ‘present’ and ‘future’. It is related with the pursuit of simultaneous thinking as he explained in his poetics. ‘Enigma’ is mostly shows up in the field of the title and body of his poetry. He makes imagery complexly in the body of poetry, and shows macroscopic view point by the ‘title’ of poetry. For example, ‘night of a colonized harbor’ and ‘Incheon harbor’ are poems that belong to that category. ‘Enigma’ is related with the worry as a poet about compatriot and state of affairs. This mental agony is embodied in his poetry mostly as ‘wall’, ‘problems’ and etc which have the form of ‘blank mark’.