음절 간 어중 자음연쇄의 음운변동 유형과 한국어교육

Abstract

For English speakers who are learning Korean language, words like maknɛ, jinri, ipnyək are pronounced as they are, i.e. [maknɛ], [jinri], [ipnyək], respectively. That is, no phonological process takes place. On the contrary, in the case of Korean native speakers, they pronounce ‘nickname’ in English as [nɪŋneɪm], ‘good morning’ as [gunmɔ:rnɪŋ], and ‘upload’ as [umnoʊd]. Also, native speakers of Japanese pronounce ‘namja’ in Korean as [nanja] and ‘hakpəl’ as [hakkupəl] or [happəl]. This is because, when consonants are adjacent to each other, the method of pronunciation of each language is different, because the difference in pronunciation causes interference in foreign language learning. In this article, we do not consider consonant sequences in syllable initial position such as ‘tree, play’ or in syllable final position such as ‘tent, camp’ in English. Rather, we consider the case of consonant sequences that are constructed with the final consonant of the previous syllable and the initial consonant of the following syllable such as ankɛ ‘mist’, kamgi ‘cold’. In other words, we deal with consonant sequences that cross syllable boundaries, and the pronunciation of a consonant sequences is largely divided into four types. The first type is a language in which no phonological change occurs between adjacent consonants such as Vietnamese and Chinese, and the second type is a language in which assimilation occurs such as English, Japanese, and Korean. The third type is a language in which deletion or contraction takes place such as Indonesian and Korean, and the forth type is a language in which fortition takes place such as Korean. In order to educate the pronunciation of Korean, it is important to let learners know the environment in which phonological process such as assimilation, contraction, or fortition takes place. It is also important to teach that, among other things, place assimilation does not occur between adjacent consonants, but manner assimilation does. To do this, practice Korean pronunciation by presenting words that contain consonant sequences with each phonological change.