いわゆる「もちぬしのうけみ」の 構文的な特徴について－【人が人にNをV-られる】構文を中心に－

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to clarify structural characteristics in Japanese passive sentences in which subject possesses complement. Most studies have focused on semantic features of some typical types, and there seems that empirical consideration with examples from the corpus is insufficient. In this study, it is argued that the semantic relevance between the subject and the complement of passive sentences are classifiable into eight types: [family members], [body part], [nature], [behavior], [creations], [property], [associated space] and [associated time], and that the semantic relevance is supported by features of the noun (relatives noun): [Taro ga goutou ni korosareru.] (“A son of Taro is killed by robbery.”), [Taro ga aruotoko ni netorareru. ] (“A wife of Taro has slept with a man.”), modifier clause, and the context. The classification for [5.1.]~[5.8.] adopted for analysis is based on the types of semantic relevance and semantic verb categories. Furthermore, it is discussed on the relation between affectivity of passive subject and undesirable event for subject described by Type 5.7, 5.8, which is identified from classification of grammatical function of verb. This tendency is supported by modality, meaning of principal clause, context, and noun modifier.