『宇治拾遺物語』のアスペクト形式について －「Vゐる」「Vてゐる」「Vてあり」の選択要因－

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the semantics of the aspect markers –iru, -teiru, and –teari used in Uji Shūi Monogatari, which is believed to have been written in the first half of the 14th century. Although there are a small number of problematic cases, there is a strong tendency to select V-teiru when the event referred to is both intentional and spatiotemporally specific. The meaning of each form is summarized as follows: · Progressive → V-teiru, V-iru · Resultant state, Long-term state, Habitual → V-teari (V-teiru) Although very close in meaning to V-teiru, V-iru has a preference for verbs denoting the posture or location of an animate entity, which may suggest its decline as an aspect marker. Particularly in Uji Shūi Monogatari, on the other hand, there are examples in which V-iru is used to indicate the continuation of dynamic situations when such verbs as arau (wash) and tataku (hit) appear in the V slot. It is further argued that the existence of examples such as oki-tachi (get up)-teiru, in which the lexical meaning of iru (be) is weakened in favor of the interpretation in which the resultant state is in focus, indicates that it has entered a new stage as an aspect marker.