일본의 양식산 광어 생산구조 변화에 따른 한국의 대응방안

Abstract

The Flatfish belongs to 700 species worldwide. It is a well-being food containing of protein, little fat, unsaturated fatty acid and DHA in high quantites, and it is one of the foods with the highest consumer preference in the world. Especially in Japan, which has a 'sashimi culture' like Korea, it has attracted attention as a high-priced fish that is twice as expensive as yellowtail and red sea bream. As a result, 5,549 tons were exported to Japan in 2005, making it a major export destination. At that time, Korean flounder was important as a raw material for sashimi and accounted for 34.2% of the Japanese flounder supply. However, since then, the Korean flounder export volume has repeatedly increased and decreased, to 2,474 tons in 2018, down 55.4% compared to 2005. The big difference is that in 2005, most of the exported flounder, went to Japan, export destinations had increased to 12 countries by 2018. However, the flounder export volume to Japan decreased by more than half. Simply comparing it to Japan's flatfish export volume, the decrease is the largest at 66.1%, which is smaller than the decrease volume of the overall export volume. Even though the government is strengthening its various support methods such as the diversification of export markets and the expansion of export ratios of high value-added products under the slogan of future industrialization of fishery industry through the export of fishery products, the export of flounder, which is a representative fish in Korea, has been retrogressive compared to the past. There are three main reasons for the decline in exports of Korean flounder to Japan. The first is the issue of safety, the second is the increase in the supply of alternative materials, and last is the price competitiveness of Japanese flounder. The reason for this was not only the consumption of Japanese flounder but also the production structure. This has a large impact on the Korean flounder industry. Based on the analysis results, it is necessary to diversify export target countries in order to reduce export dependence on Japan. Second, the transformation of major export aquaculture varieties should be considered. Third, exports of live fish must be avoided. In particular, flounder is highly palatable and consumes a large amount of food. This time, it is possible that changes in the flounder production structure in Japan may be seen in fishery products in other places in the future, and in this respect, this study has considerable meaning.