욕지도의 마을어장 이용에 관한 연구

Abstract

Yokjido, is an island located in Tongyeong, Gyeongsangnamdo. In the ancient era, the island was an uninhabited region where the government authorities prohibited people's entrance. In 1887, people were permitted to inhabited in the island. Since then people from various districts have flocked in, and the island started to develope rapidly. In the end of the Korea Empire, Yokjido was known to Japanese fishers as a natural fishing port with abundant fisheries resources. Under the rule of Japanese imperialism, the island flourished as a fishing base. Today however, the fisheries resources of this island have exhausted and recently, its economical activities have stagnated. Yokjido consists of ten Eochongyes and has a community-based fishing ground. Within the community-based fishing ground, the Eochongyes manage and utilize fishery rights and the fishing ground is restricted to the most adjacent region of the fishing village. The capture and collection in a community-based fishing ground is usually practiced in terms of handicraft fishery or skin diving fishery; however, in Yokjido, skin diving fishery is mainly performed. Skin diving fishery refers to the fishery where women divers capture and collect aquatic products under water without oxygen supplying devices. Currently, 17 women divers are working in Yokjido. The major aquatic products in a community-based fishing ground are abalones, top shells, oysters, sea cucumber, sea squirts and sea urchins. These are alloted by women divers and the Eochongye. This research conducted an on-site survey and literature discussion in order to investigate how the community-based fishing ground in Yokjido is utilized and managed, and analyze its features.