変容する山王信仰 －古代文芸と『平家物語』巻第一･二を中心に－

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the aspects of transformation of the Sanno Faith(山王信仰), particularly focusing on the Literary Arts in Ancient Japan and the Chapter 1･2 of Heike Monogatari. In ancient literary arts, Sanno was described as Oyamakui no Kami, which is enshrined on Mt. Hiei in Kojiki and Sendaikujihongi, and represented the deity as the guardian deity of Mt. Hiei. In addition, it can be seen that the two gods, Miwa Myojin and Oyamakui no Kami were enshrined on Mt. Hiei. And the divinity of Mt. Hiei as Kamiyama can be seen in Kaifuuso, and it shows the deity as the guardian deity of the Tendai sect in Shuchusho. In the Chapter 1･2 Heike Monogatari, Hiyoshi Gongen is depicted as the object of prayer for healing of illness, possession, mercy and upaya. And it is also depicted as the god of punishment and a miraculous god. Sanno which was considered the guardian deity of Mt. Hiei, when Gongen faith actively led Heian period from the mid to the end, was referred to as Hiyoshi Gongen, people sought worldly benefits such as recovery from illness. In the background of this, Sanno Shrine was always built as a guardian deity of the temples of the Tendai sect, and Sanno faith spread throughout the country along with the prosperity of the Tendai sect. A simple example of this is that Sanno underwent various transformations as a god seeking worldly benefits.