수산업경영인의 가업승계 요인이 만족도와 경영성과에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Family Business Succession Factors on Satisfaction and Business Performance of Fisheries Manager
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심각한 인력난을 겪고 있는 국내 수산업계와 어촌 지역에 청·장년층의 전문 수산 리더 그룹이 안정적으로 유입될 수 있는 효과적인 방안 중 하나는 수산업경영인의 가업승계일 것이다. 본 연구는 수산업 가업승계의 활성화를 위한 요인을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 내용은 경상남도 남해안 7개 시·군인 창원시, 통영시, 사천시, 거제시, 고성군, 남해군, 하동군에서 가업을 승계한 수산업경영인 152명의 주요 가업승계 요인(창업주와 후계자와의 관계, 후계자 교육훈련, 후계자의 승계 의지)이 승계 만족도와 재무적 경영성과, 비재무적 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 구조방정식모형을 적용하여 실증 분석하는 것이다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업주와 후계자와의 관계와 후계자 교육훈련은 모두 승계 만족도에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 그러나 후계자의 승계 의지는 승계 만족도에 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 창업주와 후계자와의 관계와 재무적 경영성과, 비재무적 경영성과의 경우, 모두 직접효과는 영향이 있었고 승계 만족도인 매개효과를 적용한 간접효과는 영향이 없었지만 직접효과와 간접효과를 고려한 총효과는 영향이 있었다. 셋째, 후계자 교육훈련과 재무적 경영성과, 비재무적 경영성과의 경우, 직접효과, 간접효과 모두 영향을 주지 못했다. 다만 총효과에 있어서는 재무적 경영성과에는 끝까지 영향을 주지 못했지만, 비재무적 경영성과에는 통계적으로 낮은 유의성으로 영향을 주었다. 넷째, 후계자의 승계 의지는 재무적 경영성과, 비재무적 경영성과 모두 직접적인 영향을 미치지 못했지만, 승계 만족도를 매개한 간접효과를 고려한 총효과는 모두 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 간접효과가 +의 영향으로 작용했음을 확인할 수 있다.
Abstract
This study noted that family business succession is a crucial way to introduce with stability the next generation of business leaders into the domestic fisheries industry, which is experiencing a serious decline in fishery labor force. The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze the effect of family business succession factors on satisfaction and business performance of fisheries manager. Accordingly, the status and characteristics of 152 successor of fisheries managers and their fishery business were identified in Changwon, Tongyeong, Sacheon, Geoje, Goseong, Namhae, and Hadong in seven cities of the south coast of Gyeongsangnamdo. The collected questionnaire data were analyzed and modelled using the framework of structural equation model with mediation effects. Through the review of preceding studies, the family business succession factors were selected as‘relationship between founder and successor’,‘successor’s education and training’, and ‘successor’s willingness to succeed’, and these were set as exogenous variables.‘Succession satisfaction’ is a parameter.‘Financial business performance’and‘Non-financial business performance’ are endogenous variables. Research hypotheses were formulated with these variables and path analysis was performed. The main results are summarized below. First, both the ‘relationship between founder and successor’ and ‘successor’s education and training’ did not affect the‘succession satisfaction’. However,‘successor’s willingness to succeed’ affected the‘succession satisfaction’. Second, in the case of the‘relationship between founder and successor’,‘financial business performance’, and‘non-financial business performance’, the direct effect was all affected, and the indirect effect of applying the mediating effect, which is‘succession satisfaction’, was not affected. Third, in the case of‘successor’s education and training’,‘financial business performance’, and‘non-financial business performance’, both direct and indirect effects did not affect. However, in terms of total effect, it did not affect ‘financial business performance’ until the end, but it affected ‘non-financial business performance’with statistically low significance. Fourth, the ‘successor’s willingness to succeed’did not have a direct impact on both‘financial business performance’, and‘non-financial business performance’, but the total effect considering the indirect effect mediated by‘succession satisfaction’had a significant impact. This can be confirmed that the indirect effect acted as a + effect.
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