요서와 요동지역 적석총문화의 상관성 검토

Abstract

This paper reviews the cultural correlation between the cairns in the Liaoxi and Liaodong regions. If the cairn relics in two regions have cultural correlation or succession relations with each other, there should be some pieces of evidence between those in the early times of the Liaoxi region and latter times of the Liaodong region. However, except for the common things that they utilized stones to make a tomb chamber and built a cairn-type mound by piling a certain amount of stones around the chamber, there were significant differences between the two in terms of the distribution and location of relics and the buried relics therein. In modern archeology, the relics excavated in different regions are not interpreted to have had unilateral propagation or influential relationship just because they had similar forms or functions, as there are numerous assumptions and numbers of cases in their background of similarities. The biggest difference between the two was the location of the chamber: most of the chambers were in the underground in the Liaoxi region. On the contrary, those were on the ground in the Liaodong region. Also, the locational aspect was quite different. The surrounding environment of a tomb is quite important cause it is related to the view of nature, the next life, religion and living environment of the people that created the tomb. The fact that the environment and location of the relics were different means that their view of next life, religion, the way of living or the way to treat nature might have been different. The different location of the chambers tells that people of cairn culture in two regions had different views of next life, religion, or the way of living. The relics found there were quite different too. It is natural that there are changes in buried relics due to different building times and regions of the tombs. However, it is acknowledged that there are some correlations between the relics of Hongshan Culture and its precedent cultures which were Zhaobaogou Culture or Xinglongwa culture. The relics excavated in the Liaodong region had some correlation with the upper/middle/lower class culture of XiaoZhuShan culture, the precedent culture in the region. Talking about the correlation between the cairn cultures in the two regions, Liaoxi and Liaodong, there should be at least the similarity or influential relationship between the buried relics of the latter times of Liaoxi and early times of Liaodong. In conclusion, it is hard to link the neolithic age in the Liaoxi region, especially cairn relics in Hongshan Culture among them, with the Liaodong region, in terms of continuity or succession relation.