진해만(鎭海灣) 동부 연안의 선사 고대 어로문화

Abstract

This study analyzes the fishing culture of the eastern coast of Jinhae Bay through archaeological data. Although several excavations have been conducted on sites along the eastern coast of Jinhae Bay due to recent urban expansion and the construction of the Busan New Port, research related to fishing has remained relatively limited. Fishing tools excavated from the eastern coast include fishing without gear, grappling and wounding gear, lines, seine nets, and falling nets. The shellfish recovered were predominantly oysters and mussels, while fish species included cartilaginous fish such as sharks and rays, as well as migratory species such as red seabream, sea bass, yellowtail, and cod. Marine mammals such as sea otters, whales, and dolphins were also found. A comparative review of archaeological and historical records confirmed that fishing without gear were primarily used for shellfish gathering, while lines were the main tools for capturing fish. Additionally, marine mammals were likely hunted by exploiting their behavioral patterns. Furthermore, it is suggested that the catches were processed through methods such as drying, fermentation, and heat treatment before consumption. Off the coast of Jinhae Bay, the Tsushima Current, a branch of the Kuroshio Current, flows. This current facilitates seawater exchange through the Gaduk Channel to the eastern coast of Jinhae Bay. Based on the flow of these currents, it is inferred that migratory marine animals traveled through Jinhae Bay during their migration. Such marine environmental conditions are considered a key factor that allowed archaeological sites to be established in the Gaduk Channel area over an extended period.