한국전쟁기 보국대의 의미와 성격

Abstract

During the Korean War, civilians were mobilized to the military for provide labor. The military and the civilians have called these acts of mobilizing civilian laborers and supporting the war as a ‘Bogukdae’. From liberation to the Korean War, however, there was no such thing as a substantive national administrative organization ‘Bogukdae’. Therefore, it was a colloquial expression with no legal basis. And in the course of retrospecting the war, the individuals and their groups mobilized for labor is also called as ‘Bogeukdae’ or ‘Bogeukdan’. This thesis confirms the characteristics of the ‘Bogeukdae’, which was used throughout the Korean War even though it was not a national organization. The first step in the study is to identify the linguistic characteristics and genealogy. The linguistic characteristic is to identify how the term ‘Bogeuk’ was used and recorded in the past. And also tracks the phenomenon of being ‘Bogeukdae’ with a ‘corps’ attached to the ‘Bogeuk’. Japanese Empire’s ‘Civilian Labor Corps(勤勞報國隊)’ is the only one, which integrate the meaning of ‘repay for nation’ to real organization. The ‘Bogukdae’ which was called during the Korean War is believed to have at least the link between the linguistic connection about the Japanese Empire’s ‘Civilian Labor Corps’. Soon after, in the memoirs of those who went through the Korean War, we can see how ‘Bogukdae’ is recreated. Retrospective people are divided into civilian laborers, enlisted men and army officers. These distinctions give a three-dimensional picture of the figure and character of ‘Bogukdae’ from each social status. Noteworthy thing in their memoirs is that most of them remember “Bogukdae” as being forced by wartime military and police. As such, ‘Bogukdae’ during the Korean War is not only connected linguistically to the ‘Civilian Labor Corps’, which was a war device under the Japanese Empire, but also very similar to the way it was organized and operated. Thus, ‘Bogukdae’ is another remnant left by the Japanese Empire, that was summoned for a series of wartime civilian mobilization techniques of the near past, that were in the public’s memory at the time when legal grounds were not laid for wartime workers.