북한이탈주민의 위기상황과 인권상황의 이해

Abstract

This study conducted quantitative research on crisis situations through a survey of 300 North Korean refugees. In the survey, the crisis situation was systematized into the stages of initiation, development, and deepening in connection with the human rights proposed in the 4th National Action Plans for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. In addition, we sought to understand the crisis situation of North Korean refugees and examined the link with human rights. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that mental stress has a very significant negative impact on North Korean refugees' crisis situations, and financial crises such as loss of main income also play an important role. Second, compared to North Korean refugees who are satisfied with their relationships with family and people around them in everyday life, there are relatively few people to ask for help in crisis situations. Third, North Korean refugees were found to have greater experiences of suicidal thoughts than the general people. Fourth, North Korean refugees who have lived in South Korea for more than 10 years are also unable to find effective ways to overcome the crisis, and are still heavily dependent on the local Hana Center. Mental stress and suicidal thoughts are directly related to North Korean refugees' right to life and health, and loss of primary income is a basic economic right. It also reveals the vulnerability of social relationships from a human rights perspective, which does not significantly improve even as the period of residence in South Korea increases.