주기화 훈련 프로그램의 복합 적용이 경륜 경주력향상 요인에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Complexed Application of Periodization Training on Performance Factors for Keirin
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초록
이 연구는 Traditional Periodization Program과 Block Periodization Program 혼합 적용하여 경륜 경주력 향상 요인에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 설정하였다. 경륜선수후보생 21명을 대상으로 주행 및 근력훈련을각각 지구력향상기 및 조직적응기, 스프린트훈련기 및 최대근력향상기, 페달링파워향상기 및 파워향상기 그리고 페달링파워유지기 및 파워유지기 등과 같이 진행하였다. 이러한 프로그램의 적용 전후 비교 결과, 체중 및 체질량지수에서유의한 감소를 이루었으나, 체지방과 근육량 및 악력과 배근력에서 통계학적인 변화를 관찰하지 못하였다. 이 연구의핵심적인 변인 중이 하나인 슬관절을 기준으로 하는 등속성 근기능에서는 우측 굽힘 동작의 총일량에서 통계학적인증가를 사후에 발견하였으나, 나머지 대부분의 변인에서 훈련프로그램의 긍정적 효과를 관찰하지 못하였고, 무소성페달링 파워에서는 평균페달링파워와 피로지수에서 유의미한 증가가 발견되었다. 이러한 결과를 종합 분석한다면, 훈련 후 피로회복이 안된 상태로 측정에 진입한 것이 원인으로 추측되었다. 그러므로, 회복이 용이한 Overreaching의원리를 적용하여 경주력향상을 위한 훈련프로그램의 개발 및 적용이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
This study utilized the Block Periodization Program, which applies the principle of short-term periodization, to training to examine its effects on body composition, grip strength, back strength, isokinetic muscle function, and anaerobic pedaling power, which are considered performance factors for keirin. Twenty one keirin cyclist candidates were involved in cycling and strength training for (1) endurance-focused period and anatomical adaptation, (2) sprint training and maximal strength, (3) pedaling power focused training and power conversion, (4) maintenance. Training for each period was carried out step by step by applying the principles of block periodization. As a result, there was a significant decrease in weight and body mass index, but no significant changes were detected in %body fat and muscle mass. No statistical changes was observed in grip and back muscle strength. In isokinetic muscle function based on the knee joint, one of the key variables in this study, a statistical increase in some variables was found, but the effect of the training program was not observed in most variables. In the anaerobic pedaling power, there was a significant decrease in the average pedaling power and fatigue index. In this regard, it was assumed that the measurement was performed without recovery from the applied training program and apply a training load of overreaching, which is easier to recover from, rather than overtraining.
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