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한국 소비자생협의 공정무역 실천 다양성:제도논리와 담론실천

Diversifying Fair Trade: Institutional Logic and Discursive Practice in Korean Consumer Cooperatives

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주제분류학제간연구

초록

본 논문의 목적은 같은 제도 아래 있는 생협이 왜 그리고 어떻게 서로 다른 실천을 수행하는지에 관하여 가치, 담론, 그리고 행위자 실천 사이의 관계에 초점을 맞추어 설명하는 데 있다. 연구자들은 제도논리와 담론실천 개념을 기반으로 도출한 연구모형을 제안하며, 조직이 네 가지 과정을 통해 상이한 실천을 구성한다고 주장한다. 네 가지 과정은 번역하기(translation), 새로운 틀 만들기(reframing), 텍스트 만들기(text production), 행동하기(action)을 의미한다. 그리고 해당 연구모형에 기반하여 한국 소비자생협연합회(이하 생협) 중 가장 규모가 큰 아이쿱, 두레, 한살림 생협의 서로 다른 공정무역 실천을 분석했다. 이들 생협은 서로 같은 제도에서 발전해 왔음에도 불구하고, 현재 서로 다른 공정무역 실천을 하고 있다. 이는 담론실천이 비슷한 제도논리에서 만들어졌다고 해도, 한국 생협의 공정무역 담론실천은 아주 다르게 발전해 왔다는 점을 보여준다. 본 논문의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 논문은 같은 제도논리의 영향을 받는 조직들이 담론에 관한 번역 과정을 통해 각기 다른 실천을 구성한다는 점을 이론적으로 밝혀냈다. 둘째, 본 논문은 한국의 생협이 같은 제도논리를 갖고 있어도 서로 다른 실천을 하는 현실을 이해하는 데 도움을 주고 있으며 이를 바탕으로 협동조합이 더 나은 경영실천을 수행하는 데 필요한 실무적 시사점을 제시하고 있다.

Abstract

This paper examines how and why organizations using the same institutional logic diversify their practices by highlighting the relationships between the actors' values, discourse, and practices. To expand the concept of discursive practice, this paper suggests that organizations develop heterogeneous practices through four processes: translation, reframing, text production, and action. Based on the analytical model, it explores the Fair Trade practices of the largest Korean consumer cooperatives, including iCOOP, Dure, and Hansalim. Despite developing in similar institutional contexts, each has constructed distinctive Fair Trade practices. Despite their discourse practices being created using similar institutional logic, Korean cooperatives’ Fair Trade discourse practices have developed differently. The implications of this paper are as follows. Firstly, it theoretically demonstrates that organizations influenced by the same institutional logic develop different practices through discourse translation. Secondly, the paper provides practical implications based on Korean cooperatives having different practices despite the same institutional logic background, which can help the cooperatives utilize better management practices.

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