일제하 재만 항일무장투쟁의 추이와 의미(Ⅰ)

Abstract

This study is aimed to examine the foundation of independence movement base in Manju area, forming of independence army, armed anti-Japan struggle in 1920, the organization and activities of three independent organizations following the forming of Daehan Tonguibu in the process of integrative movement for independence armies. From the March First Independence Movement, the Korean independence organizations across Manju area began the independence war which was their long-standing wish. The independence armies have achieved brilliant successes in the battles including attacking and demolishing a few of Japanese governing institutions and border defense armies through the advance operation into Korea. Overcoming their absolute inferiority in weapons and troops, the great success in the battle with the Japanese regular troops they achieved was the result of endless desire of the independence armies and Korean community members in Manju toward national independence. The independence organizations in Manju area pushed ahead with the integrative movement and were finally integrated into the three independence organizations in the middle of 1920s; the three organizations are Chamuibu,Jeonguibu and Sinminbu. The three independence organizations divided the entire Korean communities in Manju area except the Northern Gando area to rule each of them, which means that they were actually a government for Koreans in the area. The three independence organization sought for stability of Korean communities through self-governing principles and strengthened military competence to prepare for the long-term armed anti-Japan struggle. Therefore, while the temporary government in Shanghai was a symbolic government without people and territory, these three organizations were substantial self-governing republic government with sovereignty, people and territory in some sense.