남만주(南滿州) 독립군의 ‘국내진공작전’에 대한 시론적 검토: 이진무(李振武) 사례를 중심으로

Abstract

In August 1910, more than a decade after the forced annexation of Joseon by Japan, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea declared the Year of the War of Independence. The driving force that was able to declare the year of the Revolutionary War in 1920 was possible due to the increase in national capabilities raised by the March 1st Movement. In fact, practical and realistic strategies for carrying out the War of Independence were actively discussed with the March 1st Movement. In other words, there was a domestic advance operation(國境地方進入戰) and a patriotic struggle(義烈鬪爭) as a sub-concept that introduced the anti-Japanese armed struggle(抗日武裝鬪爭) in the nature of the independence war as the top of the independence movement strategy. The domestic advance operation was actively developed around South Manchuria(南滿州) in the mid-1920s when the independence army activities in East Manchuria(東滿州) fell into a depression due to the Japanese invasion of Kando(間島) and the Kando disaster(間島慘變). The factors that allowed the domestic advance operation in the South Manchuria region to be actively carried out were possible because it was geographically close to the northern part of the Korean Peninsula and at the same time, a large number of Koreans were settled. Domestic advance operations in these areas mainly dispatched elite troops across the Yalu River(鴨綠江) to destroy the colonial government and take punish such as Japanese officials, pro-Japanese forces, informant, and pro-Japanese rich. Until now, domestic advance operations in the South Manchuria region have been studied centering on prominent independent group leaders or military leaders. In addition, the concept of a domestic advance operation was widely used with the terms of a patriotic struggle or an anti-Japanese armed struggle without a clear analysis, raising the need to clearly clarify the nature, development process, and combat method. This paper is the first step to the answer to it. Lee Jin-moo(李振武), covered in this paper, is a representative of South Manchuria domestic advance operation. He has been at the forefront of the domestic advance operation rather than the rear while participating in various independent military organizations in South Manchuria. As such, the summary of what we want to pay attention to through Lee Jin‒moo in this study is as follows. First, it is a restoration of independence activists who have not been spotlighted so far. Until now, interest in independence activists in the South Manchuria region has focused on major leaders or military leaders of independence military organizations. For example, Kim Dong‒sam(金東三), Kim Chang‒hwan(金昌煥), Lee Sang‒ryong(李相龍), Lee Cheong‒cheon(李靑天), Oh Dong‒jin(吳東振), and Shin Pal‒gyun(申八均) are representative. I wanted to remind you that among those who actively carried out anti‒Japanese armed struggles, including domestic advance operations, there were independence activists and soldiers who were not well known until now. It also provides clues to concretely reconstructing the concept, reality, character, and development process of domestic advance operations, which have been extensively dealt with. Finally, through the case of a person who was involved in numerous independence army organizations in South Manchuria, we can see a side of the history of independence movement, which has been taboo, such as conflict and confrontation within independence army organizations.