在朝鮮 ‘中國專管租界’ 공간과 화상조직

Abstract

Immediately after Joseon opened the port, the fact that China set up a separate space for ‘Chinese exclusive concession settlement (zhongguozhuanguanzujie)’ in Joseon had advant ages in t erms of t he migrat ion of Chinese to Joseon and the formation of an overseas Chinese society. There was no separate management organization in the Chinese exclusive concession settlement, and under the management and supervision of the Chinese Diplomatic Office in Josoen in each region, an representative was elected at the Chinese merchants hall in each region and helped to manage the settlement . Settlement was the basis for Chinese merchants to grow without shrinking from commercial competition, and was also meaningful in maintaining and strengthening the identity of the Overseas Chinese society. Chinese exclusive concession settlement was abolished together with settlement sites in other countries in 1914, and became an open space for ‘mixed residence’. During the China‐Japan negotiation process over the abolition of settlement, the vested rights to land and buildings owned by Chinese within the settlement were virtually guaranteed. In this way, it was possible to avoid fragmentation of settlement sites as places where they lived their daily lives. Also, as a place where overseas Chinese gather, chinese society hall(zhonghuahuiguan) in each area were maintained even after settlement was abolished. At a time when discussions about the abolition of settlement between China and Japan were in full swing, Chinese society hall in each region were reorganized into 'Chinese Chamber of Commerce(zhonghuashanghui)'. Although the ‘Chinese Chamber of Commerce’ was an economic organization that provided commercial interests and convenience to its members, the fact that the Chinese Association continued its functions such as sanitation of the ‘agglomerated settlement (jiju)’ space and cemetery management is very interesting. It is a characteristic of overseas Chinese society in Korea where the duties of ‘Chinese society hall’ and 'Chinese Chamber of Commerce' were not clearly separated, and the clue can be found in the existence of an ‘agglomerated settlement’ space that existed from the beginning of Joseon's migration and its management and operational structure.