포스트 코로나 시대에서의 재택근무의 방향성: 젠더평등확보의 관점에서
Working from Home in the Post-Pandemic Era: A Gender Equality Perspective
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초록
본 연구는 향후 포스트 코로나 시대에서의 재택근무의 젠더관점에 대하여 연구하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그동안 코로나19로 인하여 확대되어 온 재택근무는 법제 및 정책 등의 정비가 이루어져 왔으나, 여전히 여기에는 젠더의 관점이 결여되어 있다는 문제점을 지적한다. 본 연구에서 도출된 코로나19에서의 재택근무와 젠더 이슈로는 (i) 근로시간과 사적 시간 경계의 모호함 증대의 문제점, (ii) 유급노동과 무급노동의 이중부담 증대의 문제점, (iii) 여성근로자의 정신적 부담 증대의 문제점을 논의하였다. 이러한 문제점을 바탕으로 향후 포스트 코로나 시대에 수행될 재택근무에서 젠더 인지적이며 젠더평등 확보를 위한 방안으로서, (i) 근로시간 관리의 명확화와 유연한 근무 스케줄 확보의 필요성, (ii) 연결되지 않을 권리 보장의 필요성, (iii) 육아 및 돌봄정책 내실화의 필요성, (iv) 정신건강 확보를 위한 법제도 개선의 필요성 등을 논의하였다. 그동안은 코로나19의 전염병 확산을 위해 재택근무가 의무적인 수행으로 이루어졌다면, 포스트 코로나 시대에는 일생활균형을 추구하기 위한 새롭고 자율적인 형태의 재택근무가 확산될 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 시대적 상황을 바탕으로, 재택근무 활용을 통해 젠더평등을 확보하기 위한 노력이 더욱 중요해질 것이다.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate issues relating to working from home (WFH) in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era from a gender perspective. Laws and policies related to WFH that were enacted during the pandemic have recently been revised. However, the process has not sufficiently considered the gender perspective in relation to WFH. This study identified three problems related to WFH and gender that manifested themselves during the pandemic: (i) blurring of boundaries between working time and private time, (ii) dual burden of paid and unpaid work, and (iii) an increase in stress levels among female workers. Based on these findings, this paper discusses ways to secure gender equality in the WFH environment, which is set to become the norm in the future in the post-pandemic era. These include the following: (i) establishment of agreed working hours and acknowledgement of the need for flexibility in relation to these, (ii) recognition of the right to be disconnected, and (iii) enforcement of policies related to nursery and childcare, and (iv) improvement in laws aimed at promoting mental health. Workers were encouraged to work from home in recent years to prevent the spread of coronavirus. In the post-COVID-19 era, a new and more autonomous type of WFH, which emphasizes the work-life balance, is expected to prevail. Considering ongoing trends in WFH, securing gender equality in relation to WFH can be expected to become an important topic.
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