복지국제주의의 형성과 발전: 한국 복지국가에의 함의
Construction and Development of Welfare Internationalism, Implications for South Korea
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복지국제주의란 복지국가가 민족국가 차원을 넘어서 국제적 차원의 규범으로 작동하고 유 무형의 복지제도가 국제기구와 민족국가 간의 상호작용을 통하여 세계적 으로 확산되는 것을 의미한다. 복지국제주의는 국제정치의 중요성이 최대치에 이르 렀던 2차 세계대전 직후에 시작하여 냉전기의 시기를 거쳐 장기간에 걸쳐 형성되었 고, 이후 현실 사회주의 붕괴 후 정치, 경제, 문화적 측면의 세계화가 급속히 진전된 1990년대에 다시 최대치로 발전하였다. 본 연구는 존 마이어의 세계사회론에 근거 하여 민족국가를 세계적 차원에서 형성된 문화적 구성물로 간주하며 따라서 민족 국가 단위의 제도인 복지국가 역시 세계모델과 규범의 확산이라는 관점에서 파악 한다. 이런 점에서 본 논문의 목적은 복지 분야에서의 복지국제주의 세계모델의 형 성 과정을 재구성하는 것이다. 나아가 이 연구는 복지국제주의의 형성과 발전이 한 국 복지국가에 주는 이론적 함의를 제시하고자 한다.
Abstract
The welfare internationalism means that the welfare state operates at the international level beyond the national level, and the social policies widespread through the interactions between the international organizations and the national states. The welfare internationalism began after the Second World War when the importance of global politics reached its peak and was formed over a long period of time through the Cold War era. After the collapse of real socialism in the 1990s, which rapidly progressed the globalization of economy and politics, the welfare internationalism made a new leap forward. Following John Meyer’s world society theory, this study considers the national state as a cultural construct formed at the global level and therefore understands the welfare state as a result of spreading the world models and norms. In this sense, this study aims to reconstruct the formation process of welfare internationalism, which is a key component of world culture. Furthermore, this study suggests the theoretical implications of the formation and development of welfare internationalism to the welfare state in South Korea.
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