『詩經⋅鄭風』의 女性話者詩 淺析

Abstract

‘Female narration poems’ of Shijing, which are the basis of female literature, are very important resources in reviewing the lifestyle and female consciousness of women during pre-Qin dynasty. These works are also important in that they indicate the aspect of collective creation before individual creation in female literature of China. Among 305 pieces of poems in Shijing, female narration poems are 54 pieces(feng shi-風詩 49 pieces, court poem-雅詩 5 pieces), among which 「Zheng Feng」is the majority. Nevertheless, 「Zheng Feng」was ignored by later researchers by being considered as erotic poetry. However, this indicates that these poems are the first female literature created by women. In this study, the characteristics of contents and forms in ‘female narration poems’ of 「Zheng Feng」 are reviewed, along with the influence of these works on later female literature. The results are as follows. First, female narrators in 「Zheng Feng」show leading and active attitudes in the characteristics of contents. Second, in the characteristics of forms, female narration poems frequently use rhyming words of fine tone, and the artistic accomplishments are made by the structural methods of rhetorical question and arrange in order. Third, the image, poetic mood and versification have a direct and indirect influence on later female literature. For example, the female narrator images described as the symbol of resentment and blaming appear in Shijing⋅Zheng Feng, and the poetic mood of bitterness hidden in the heart and grief also appear in Shijing⋅Zheng Feng. The versification of ‘自然之聲(Touching readers’ heart by heartfelt creation)’ and the versification of enhancing artistic value by rhythmical charm are also found in Shijing⋅Zheng Feng.