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이유자돈 사료 내 Sodium Nitrite and Probiotics 첨가 수준에 따른 사양성적, 면역 반응, 장 내 미생물 및 융모 성상에 미치는 영향

Effects of Sodium Nitrite and Probiotics Level on the Growth Performance, Immune Response, Intestinal Microflora and Morphology in Weanling Pigs

김진수|최요한|김조은|하상훈|Joseph Moturi|Tajudeen Habeeb|문준영
동물생명과학연구소 (Institute of Animal Life Science)|2021.09|동물자원연구 (ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES)|제32권 제3호|pp. 57-65|DOI 10.12718/AARS.2021.32.3.57

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ProbioticsGrowth PerformanceSodium NitriteWeaning pigs
주제분류축산학

초록

본 실험은 이유자돈 사료 내 산화아연 대체제로써 아질산나트륨과 생균제(sodium nitrite and probiotics, SNPro)의 첨가 수준에 따른 사양성적, 면역 반응, 장 내 미생물 및 융모 성상을 평가하여 사료 내 SNPro의 적정 첨가 수준을 구명하기 위해 실시하였다. 본 시험을 위해 체중이 6.51±0.15kg인 총 192두의 이유자돈(Landrace×Yorkshire ×Duroc)을 공시하여 4처리 6반복, 반복 당 8두씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 시험 기간은 Phase 1과 2로 나누어 진행하였다(각 14일). 시험 처리구는 1) Basal diet(control), 2) SNPro1(control+0.01% SNPro), 3) SNPro2(control+0.02% SNPro), 4) SNPro3(control+0.03% SNPro)로 구성하였다. 일당증체량(ADG)은 SNPro 첨가 수준(0%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%)에 따라 phase 1에서는 288, 309, 319, 324g phase 2에서는 355, 387, 410, 407g overall에서는 321, 348, 364, 366g 으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 면역반응은 SNPro 첨가 수준에 따라 IL-8은 15, 13.5, 13, 12.8ng/ml과 IL-10은 165, 162, 155, 145ng/ml으로 감소하였으나(p<0.05), TLR4와 IgG는 첨가 수준에 따른 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 회장 내 Escherichia coli와 맹장 내 Salmonella spp.는 사료 내 SNPro 첨가 수준이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 그러나, 사료 내 SNPro 첨가 수준이 Lactobacillus spp.에는 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 장 내 융모 성상에서는 사료 내 SNPro의 첨가 수준에 따라 이유자돈 공장의 융와 깊이가 599, 586, 615, 599㎛인 것으로 조사되었으나(p<0.05), 융모 높이와 융모 높이/융와 깊이 비율에는 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면, 사료 내 SNPro 첨가는 이유자돈의 성장과 면역 반응, 장 내 미생물 및 융모 성상에 긍정적인 효과를 미쳤다. 또한 본 연구에서는 첨가 수준이 0.02%에서 효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 이유자돈 사양성적 개선 및 산화아연 대체제로써 우수한 효과를 나타내는 것으로 보여진다.

Abstract

This study investigated various levels of sodium nitrite and probiotics (SNPro) combination as an alternative to zinc oxide on the growth performance, immune response, intestinal microflora, and morphology of weaned pigs. One hundred and ninety-two weaned pigs (Landrace×Yorkshire ×Duroc) with an average body weight of 6.51±0.15kg were randomly assigned to four treatments(n=6) on the basis of their initial body weight. Experimental period was divided into phase 1 and 2 (each 14 days). The dietary treatments were: 1) Basal diet (control), 2) SNPro1 (control+0.01% SNPro), 3) SNPro2 (control+0.02% SNPro), 4) SNPro3 (control+0.03% SNPro). The average daily gain when SNPro was added to the diet was 288, 309, 319, 324 g in phase 1, 355, 387, 410, 407 g in phase 2 and 321, 348, 364, 366 g in the overall. The concentration of interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 in serum when SNPro was added to the diet were 15, 13.5, 13, 12.8 ng/ml and 165, 162, 155, 145 ng/ml (p<0.05) but toll-like receptor 4 and immunoglobulin G levels in serum were no significantly different. The colonization of Escherichia coli in the ileum and Salmonella spp. in the caecum were significantly decreased as SNPro level increased (p<0.05). However, the population of Lactobacillus spp. did not differ among the groups. Although villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio were not significantly affected by the treatments, crypt depth in the jejunum was 599, 586, 615, 599 ㎛ as SNPro level increased (p<0.05). In conclusion, SNPro had beneficial effects on growth performance, immune response, intestinal microflora and morphology weaned pigs. Therefore, SNPro not only can be considered as an alternative for the pharmacological level of zinc oxide in weaning pigs but also ideal dietary SNPro level was 0.02%.

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