스마트 생태계의 활성화를 위한 네트워크 관리방안: 정책적 시사점
Network Management for the Evolution of Smart ICT Ecosystem: Policy Implications
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인터넷 트래픽의 동등성 확보를 위해 출발했던 망중립성 논의는 스마트 시대의 도래와 ICT 생태계의 진화에 따라 Open Internet, Network Management, Network Optimization 등의 개념으로 정책 논의의 중심이 바뀌어가고 있다. 국내에서도 최근 방송통신위원회의 가이드라인발표를 시작으로 그간 논의되어온 정책을 구체화하는 과정에 들어가고 있다. 그러나 아직은 몇몇 주요 이슈에 대한 이해관계자간 상이한 의견이존재하여 심층적 논의가 필요한 상황이다. 향후 논의가 필요한 주요 이슈는 가이드라인에서 제시하고 있듯이 (1) 트래픽 관리의 투명성 기준 (2)합리적 트래픽 관리의 기준과 방법 (3) mVoIP 등 새로운 서비스 확산에 따른 정책방향 (4) 새로운 ICT 시장질서에 따른 변화방향 모색 등으로요약된다. 본 논문은 이러한 주요 이슈에 대한 정책적 고려사항과 향후 나아갈 방향을 제언하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 우선 그동안 논의되어온 해외 각국 망중립성 관련 정책의 원칙과 내용들을 정리해보았다. 이어 문헌 분석을 통해 향후 정책 논의 과정에서 구체화해야 할 핵심 이슈들을 경제학적 시각에서 고찰해보았다. 이를 토대로 우리나라의 관련 정책 수립시 고려해야할 사항을 제언하였다. 즉 가이드라인에서 향후 과제로 제시된 네개의 이슈 외에 무선 네트워크 관련 정책 정립시 고려되어야 할 특성을 분석함으로써 네트워크 관리정책이 양면시장 특성의 고려,사업자 자율 규제의 활용, 관리형 서비스 및 망이용대가에 관한 논의 활성화 등을 통해 전체 ICT 생태계의 진화와 공생발전이라는 시각에서 접근될 필요성을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 스마트 생태계가 더욱 고도화된 서비스들을 원활히 지원하기 위해서는 네트워크의 효율적 운영과 관리, 나아가 시기 적절한 고도화가 필수적이며 이를 위해 모든 생태계내 참여자들간의 자발적 협조가 필요함을 강조하였다.
Abstract
The network neutrality debate was first sparked by the issue of how to secure equal treatment of all Internet traffic. With the advent of smart devices and evolution of ICT ecosystem, however, it now centers on the policy issues of how to ensure open Internet, reasonable network management and network optimization. The recent announcement of the Net Neutrality and Network Management Guidelines by Korean Communication Commission (KCC) started a process of making more detailed policies for Korea. However, a thorough review and discussion are still called for to alleviate the current acute conflict of opinions in several key issues among stakeholders. Such key questions include, as the KCC's guidelines proposed, (1) what is the ''transparent'' network management, (2) what are the criteria and methodology for ''reasonable'' traffic management, (3) what would be the appropriated policy directions for new service deployment such as mVoIP, and (4) what are the policy initiatives for accommodating new changes in the ICT market. With this background, this study tries to make recommendations and suggestions for the appropriate policy making. To this end, this article first reviews the literature regarding the underlying principles and rationale of network neutrality policy. A subsequent literature review explores economists' point of view on the effectiveness of imposing relevant regulations. This serves the basis for discussion on the key issues to be addressed in the upcoming policy making process. In addition, the authors discuss the necessity of taking into account the distinct characteristics associated with mobile network. Then, we argue the importance of looking into the policy issues in a way that can ensure the co-evolution of all in the ICT ecosystem, by considering distinct features of the two-sided market, utilizing the self- or co-regulation regime, and promoting further discussions on the deployment of managed services. Lastly, the article stresses the importance of voluntary cooperation of all the participants in the ecosystem, which makes possible the efficient operation, reasonable management, and timely enhancement of the networks. This will in turn enable the ''smart'' ecosystem to effectively promote end-user benefits with advanced and innovative services.
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