EU Sanctions Regime: The Case of Iran
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Although there is enormous discussion on normative power Europe, there is relativelyless focus on the EU sanctions regime, though sanctions have become a usefulforeign policy tool as the EU has applied sanctions within the framework of theCommon Foreign and Security Policy. Looking at the literature, Kreutz focused onthe EU sanctions regime in the time period of 1981–2004, during which sanctionswere used to accomplish normative goals. Yet, later on Brummer argued thatalthough norms and values still play a role in the EU’s sanctions regime, more oftenthey were surpassed by security and economic interests. This article examines theprevious work on the EU sanctions regime and tries to comprehend why the use ofsanctions has increased over time as well as whether they have been “selectively”used. In addition, the article analyzes whether the normative commitment is crucialin the construction of the EU sanctions regime. The EU sanctions regime towardIran is analyzed in particular, because as indicated by Santini and Tabrizi, Iran is thefirst country against which the EU has developed a new strategy out of weapons ofmass destruction concerns, starting in 2006. Since 2010, EU foreign ministers haveadopted tougher sanctions in an effort to block its controversial nuclear program. Recently, the Iran nuclear deal of November 2013 was interpreted as attributableto sanctions against Iran, in which EU sanctions have constituted a remarkablerole, have proven effective.
Abstract
Although there is enormous discussion on normative power Europe, there is relativelyless focus on the EU sanctions regime, though sanctions have become a usefulforeign policy tool as the EU has applied sanctions within the framework of theCommon Foreign and Security Policy. Looking at the literature, Kreutz focused onthe EU sanctions regime in the time period of 1981–2004, during which sanctionswere used to accomplish normative goals. Yet, later on Brummer argued thatalthough norms and values still play a role in the EU’s sanctions regime, more oftenthey were surpassed by security and economic interests. This article examines theprevious work on the EU sanctions regime and tries to comprehend why the use ofsanctions has increased over time as well as whether they have been “selectively”used. In addition, the article analyzes whether the normative commitment is crucialin the construction of the EU sanctions regime. The EU sanctions regime towardIran is analyzed in particular, because as indicated by Santini and Tabrizi, Iran is thefirst country against which the EU has developed a new strategy out of weapons ofmass destruction concerns, starting in 2006. Since 2010, EU foreign ministers haveadopted tougher sanctions in an effort to block its controversial nuclear program. Recently, the Iran nuclear deal of November 2013 was interpreted as attributableto sanctions against Iran, in which EU sanctions have constituted a remarkablerole, have proven effective.
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