경찰활동에 대한 시민 만족도에의 영향요인
Factors Influencing Citizens’ Satisfaction with Policing
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경찰활동에 대한 시민 만족도란 시민들이 경찰활동에 대하여 긍정적인 감정적 태도를 갖고 있는정도를 의미한다. 이 연구의 목적은 지역사회 경찰활동 모델 이외에 경찰 성과 모델, 삶의 질 모델, 경찰 접촉 모델, 집합적 유효성 모델에 기초해서 경찰활동에 대한 시민 만족도에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인들을 검증하는 것이다. 이 연구를 위한 데이터는 대전광역시에 거주하고 있는 198명의 시민들로부터 수집되었다. 중다 회귀분석에서 독립변수들만을 투입한 Step 1은 지역사회 경찰활동 인식(β=6.376, p<.001), 경찰 효과성 인식(β=2.629, p<.01), 지역 무질서(β=2.400, p<.05), 주요 범죄의 발생 인식(β=-2.241, p<.05)이 경찰활동에 대한 시민 만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 주는 것을보여주었다(R²=.357). 반면에, 독립변수와 통제변수(인구사회학적 변수)를 함께 투입한 Step 2는 지역사회 경찰활동 인식(β=6.055, p<.001), 경찰 효과성 인식(β=2.465, p<.05), 지역 무질서 인식(β =2.071, p<.05), 남성(β=1.930, p<.05)이 경찰활동에 대한 시민 만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을주는 것을 보여주었다(R²=.365). 따라서, 분석 결과에 기초할 때 경찰활동에 대한 시민 만족도를 향상시키기 위하여 경찰청은 지역사회 경찰활동을 활성화시키고, 경찰 효과성을 증진시키기 위하여 지역사회와 함께 노력할 필요가 있다.
Abstract
Citizens’ satisfaction with policing means the degree to which citizens have a positive emotional attitude toward policing. The purpose of this study is to verify the main factors influencing citizens’ satisfaction with policing based on the police performance model, community policing model, quality of life model, police contact model, and collective effectiveness model. Data for this study were collected from 198 citizens living in Daejeon Metropolitan City. In regression analysis, Step 1, where only independent variables were incorporated, showed perception of community policing(β=6.376, p<.001), perception of police effectiveness(β=2.629, p<.01), and perception of local disorder(β=2.400, p<.05), perception of occurrence of major crimes(β=-2.241, p<.05) had a statistically significant effect on citizens’ satisfaction with policing(R²=.357). On the other hand, Step 2, where independent variables and control variables(demographics) were put together, indicated perception of community policing(β=6.055, p<.001), perception of police effectiveness(β =2.465, p<.05), perception of local disorder(β=2.071, p<.05), and male(β=1.930, p<.05) exerted statistically significant impact on citizens’ satisfaction with policing(R²=.365). Therefore, to improve citizens’ satisfaction with policing based on the results of the analyses, the National Police Agency needs to try to activate community policing, and enhance police effectiveness.
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