PSI와 한국안보: 분석과 제안
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WMD 확산 방지가 국제사회의 최대 안보위협이라는 점과 이 문제의 중심에 북한이 자리하고 있다는 것은 PSI가 남북문제와 국제문제의 교차점에 위치하면서 한국의 핵심적인 통일·외교·안보문제로 등장했다는 사실을 뜻한다. 본 논문은 PSI를 역사적, 이론적 관점에서 심층적으로 분석하고 우리 정부의 대응책을 제시했다. PSI는 행정부의 교체에도 불구하고 지속적으로 발전되고 있는 미국의 내구력 있는 외교안보전략수단이다. 이제 한국에서도 PSI에 대한 오해와 편견을 해소하고 한국의 안전을 확보함과 동시에 핵확산 방지라는 국제사회 공동의 목표에도 부응할 수 있는 정교한 정책을 마련해야 한다. 본 논문은 PSI 정책의 기조로 북한의 행위를 기준으로 사안별로 대응하는 ‘분리접근’과 전면참가를 원칙으로 하되 대상국별로 참여수위를 조절하는 ‘조절된 접근’ 두 가지를 제시했다.
Abstract
The fact that North Korea is at the center of WMD proliferation which is the number one security threat to the international community indicates that the PSI is an international issue as well as a critical concern for South Korea. This article conducts an in-depth analysis of the PSI from the theoretical and historical perspectives, and proposes policy options for the ROK government. The PSI is a durable strategic tool of the United States, being continuously developed by the various U.S. administrations. South Korea needs to remove misunderstandings and prejudices regarding PSI, and develop better policy options that can meet the international demand of WMD non-proliferation as well as assure its national security. The article proposes two policy directions of separate approach and managed access. According to separate approach, the ROK reaction will depend on the DPRK behavior, rewarding for the good and sanctioning for the wrong or dangerous. With managed access, Seoul will hold on to the principle of full participation to the PSI activities, and differentiate the level of commitment depending on the target nation. For North Korea, its level of participation will be moderated in order not to stir up the North, while it will guarantee full participation in case of a third country.
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