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누가 언제 재분배 정책을 선호하는가?: 한국의 거시경제 상황과 정책무드

Who Wants Redistributive Policies and When? Macroeconomic Conditions and Policy Mood in South Korea

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주제분류정치외교학

초록

무엇이 정부의 재분배정책에 대한 공공선호(public preferences)를 결정하는가? 이 논문은 정책무드(policy mood) 분석틀을 바탕으로 한국에서 거시경제적 상황이 재분배정책에 대한 공공선호 형성에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 집합수준과 개인수준에서 이루어진 경험적 분석의 결과는 정책무드가설을 지지하는 증거를 발견한다. 즉 집합수준 분석 결과, 경제성장률과 실업률의 증가는 재분배정책에 대한 공공선호를 증가시켜 정책무드를 진보화하며, 인플레이션율의 증가는 재분배정책에 대한 공공선호를 감소시켜 정책무드를 보수화한다. 개인수준 분석은 국가경제에 대한 개인의 주관적 평가와 재분배정책에 대한 선호 간의 높은 상관관계를 보여주어 집합수준 분석의 결과를 확증하였다. 거시경제 상황에 대하여 재분배정책에 대한 공공선호가 어떻게 반응하고 있는가를 살피는 이 연구의 경험적 발견은 동태적 대표성(dynamic representation)과 재분배정책 확대의 정치(politics of expansionary policy)에 대한 함의를 제시한다.

Abstract

What determines public preferences for redistributive policies? Using the framework of "policy mood hypothesis", this paper examines the effect of macroeconomic conditions on public preferences for redistributive policies in South Korea. Our statistical analysis finds supportive evidence of the policy mood hypothesis in South Korea. In aggregate level, increases in economic growth and unemployment lead to increases in preferences for redistributive policies and move policy mood in a liberal(progressive) direction, while increases in inflation move policy mood in a conservative direction. In individual level, we find a strong association between subjective assessments of the national economy and preferences for redistributive policies. The findings of this paper suggest implications for dynamic representation of public preferences and policies as well as for the politics of expansionary policy.

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