스마트폰 이용 상의 사이버범죄에 대한 상황행위이론에서의 통제요인 작용 검증
Testing a Situational Action Theory and the Effect of Control Factors in Cybercrime
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이 연구는 스마트폰 이용 상의 사이버범죄에 대한 통합적 설명으로 상황행위이론을 적용함에 있어 개인 범죄경향성과 범죄환경의 상호작용 논의에 따라 개인 범죄경향성으로 도덕성과 자기통제력, 그리고 범죄환경으로 법위반자와의 접촉과 처벌억제의 개인요인과 환경요인간의 상호작용효과를 다루고 무엇보다 그 중에서도 사이버범죄에 대한 주 요인으로 개인의 도덕성과 법위반자와의 접촉의상호작용효과를 다룬다. 그리고 상황행위이론에서 제시한 통제요인의 작용에서 내적 통제요인으로 자기통제력과 외적 통제요인으로 처벌억제의 작용을 위해, 법위반자접촉과 자기통제력, 그리고 도덕성과 처벌억제와의 개인요인과 환경요인간의 상호작용효과를 살펴본다. 서울시 대학생 대상의 연구 에서 여러 가설들을 검증한 분석결과, 사이버범죄 설명에 있어 상황행위이론의 논의대로 도덕성과법위반자접촉과는 유의미한 상호작용효과를 나타냈고, 또한 통제요인의 검증에서 법위반자접촉과 자기통제력이 유의미한 상호작용효과를 나타냈지만 도덕성과 처벌억제와의 상호작용효과는 유의미하지 않았다. 이처럼 개인의 낮은 도덕성의 작용을 외적 통제로 외부 처벌억제가 통제요인으로 작용할 것이라는 가설을 지지하지는 못했지만 법위반자접촉과 같은 환경요인의 작용에서 자기통제력과 같은 내적 통제요인은 통제요인으로서 중요하다는 결과를 제시했고, 어느 정도 개인요인과 환경요인이상호작용한다는 결과를 제시했다.
Abstract
This study applies situational action theory as an integrated theory to explain cybercrime and examines interaction effects between individual criminal propensity(morality and self-control) and criminogenic setting(moral norms and deterrence) as crime is outcome of the interaction between human being and their environments. This study focuses on test the interaction effect between morality and peer crime. In addition, this study examines the interaction effect between peer crime and self-control and interaction effect between morality and deterrence for the effect of self-control as internal control factor and the effect of deterrence as external control factor. Using data from college students in Seoul, this study tests several hypotheses. Results show that the interaction effect between morality and peer crime is significant and that the interaction effect between peer crime and self-control is significant, even though the interaction effect between morality and deterrence is not significant. It is shown that self-control as internal control factor buffers the effect of criminogenic exposure such as association with criminal peer but deterrence as external control factor does not buffer the effect of criminal propensity such as low morality.
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