낮은 자기통제력과 사이버 비행 간의 관계에서 도덕성의 조절효과: 상황적 행동이론의 부분적 검증
The Conditional Effect of Morality on the Linkage between Low Self-control and Adolescent Cyber Delinquency: A Partial Test of Situational Action Theory
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이 연구는 최근 범죄학의 연구 분야에서 각광받고 있는 상황적 행동이론에 대한 논의를 바탕으로 사이버 비행에서 낮은 자기통제력과 도덕성의 상호작용 효과를 검증함으로써 상황적 행동이론의 타당성 및 연구결과의 일반화에 기여하고자 함을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구를 위해 한국형사정책연구원에서 수행한 ‘저연령 소년의 비행실태 조사’ 자료를 활용하여 총 1,053명을 대상으로, 사이버 비행에 대한 자기통제력, 도덕성 및 양자의 상호작용 효과를 회귀분석을 통해 검증하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 낮은 자기통제력은 사이버 비행에 유의미한 영향력을 행사하지 못하는 것으로 나타났으며, 도덕성의 경우 사이버 비행과 유의미한 부(-)적인 관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 낮은 자기통제력과 사이버 비행 간의 관계는 개인의 도덕성 수준에 따라 달라지는 것으로 나타나, 상황적 행동이론의 낮은 자기통제력과 도덕성의 상호작용 가설을 지지하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 구체적으로는 도덕성이 낮은 집단에서만 낮은 자기통제력과 사이버 비행 간에 유의미한 관계를 확인할 수 있었다. 2차 데이터를 활용함에 따른 한계점이 존재함에도 불구하고, 본 연구는 상황적 행동이론의 주요 가정인 낮은 자기통제력과 도덕성의 상호작용 가설을 실증적으로 검증함으로써 이론에 대한 경험적 지지와 타당성을 제공하였다는 점에서 이 연구의 가치가 있다고 하겠다.
Abstract
Situational action theory has recently gained tremendous traction in the field of criminology over the past decades and yielded a substantial body of research on the interaction between low self-control and morality in offending. Based on the discussion of the situational action theory, this study aims to contribute to the validity and generalization of the theory by investigating the interaction effect of low self-control and morality in cyber delinquency. To test the interaction hypothesis of the situational action theory in explaining cyber delinquency, the current study applies ordinary least squares regression to a sample of 1,053 adolescents from the Early Adolescent Delinquency Survey conducted by the Korean Institute of Criminology(KIC). The results indicated that low self-control did not exert a significant influence on cyber delinquency; however, morality was negatively associated with cyber delinquency. In addition, the results found empirical support for moderation, unraveling that morality conditioned the impact of low self-control on cyber delinquency such that low self-control only predicted cyber delinquency under conditions of low morality. That is, low self-control did not predict cyber delinquency among those with high morals. The current research suffers several limitations that merit further discussion due to the nature of secondary data. Despite these limitations, this study is worthwhile in that it provided empirical support and validity of the theory by empirically testing the interaction hypothesis of low self-control and morality.
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